Measurement of atmospheric neutrino mixing with improved IceCube DeepCore calibration and data processing
Physical Review D
Published On 2023/7/20
We describe a new data sample of IceCube DeepCore and report on the latest measurement of atmospheric neutrino oscillations obtained with data recorded between 2011–2019. The sample includes significant improvements in data calibration, detector simulation, and data processing, and the analysis benefits from a sophisticated treatment of systematic uncertainties, with significantly greater level of detail since our last study. By measuring the relative fluxes of neutrino flavors as a function of their reconstructed energies and arrival directions we constrain the atmospheric neutrino mixing parameters to be sin 2 θ 23= 0.51±0.05 and Δ m 32 2= 2.41±0.07× 10− 3 eV 2, assuming a normal mass ordering. The errors include both statistical and systematic uncertainties. The resulting 40% reduction in the error of both parameters with respect to our previous result makes this the most precise measurement of oscillation …
Journal
Physical Review D
Volume
108
Issue
1
Page
012014
Authors
Kirsten Tollefson
Michigan State University
H-Index
197
Research Interests
Particle Physics
Particle Astrophysics
High-energy Physics
Astronomy
University Profile Page
Szabolcs Marka
Columbia University in the City of New York
H-Index
142
Research Interests
Multimessenger
Gravitational waves
Astrophysics
Astroparticle Physics
Biophysics
University Profile Page
Subir Sarkar
University of Oxford
H-Index
140
Research Interests
Astroparticle Physics
Cosmology
High energy physics
Plasma physics
University Profile Page
Andrew Connolly
University of Washington
H-Index
135
Research Interests
Astronomy
University Profile Page
Francis Halzen
University of Wisconsin-Madison
H-Index
127
Research Interests
particle physics
particle astrophysics
astrophysics
cosmology
University Profile Page
Justin A Vandenbroucke
University of Wisconsin-Madison
H-Index
122
Research Interests
physics
astronomy
University Profile Page
Zsuzsa Marka
Columbia University in the City of New York
H-Index
120
Research Interests
Multimessenger
Gravitational waves
Astrophysics
Astroparticle Physics
Biophysics
University Profile Page
David Seckel
University of Delaware
H-Index
118
Research Interests
Particle Physics
Astrophysics
Cosmology
University Profile Page
Other Articles from authors
Bob Oeyen
Universiteit Gent
Nature Physics
Search for decoherence from quantum gravity with atmospheric neutrinos
Neutrino oscillations at the highest energies and longest baselines can be used to study the structure of spacetime and test the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics. If the metric of spacetime has a quantum mechanical description, its fluctuations at the Planck scale are expected to introduce non-unitary effects that are inconsistent with the standard unitary time evolution of quantum mechanics. Neutrinos interacting with such fluctuations would lose their quantum coherence, deviating from the expected oscillatory flavour composition at long distances and high energies. Here we use atmospheric neutrinos detected by the IceCube South Pole Neutrino Observatory in the energy range of 0.5-10.0 TeV to search for coherence loss in neutrino propagation. We find no evidence of anomalous neutrino decoherence and determine limits on neutrino-quantum gravity interactions. The constraint on the effective decoherence strength parameter within an energy-independent decoherence model improves on previous limits by a factor of 30. For decoherence effects scaling as E2, our limits are advanced by more than six orders of magnitude beyond past measurements compared with the state of the art. Interactions of atmospheric neutrinos with quantum-gravity-induced fluctuations of the metric of spacetime would lead to decoherence. The IceCube Collaboration constrains such interactions with atmospheric neutrinos.
2024
Article DetailsJuan Pablo Yanez Garza
University of Alberta
arXiv preprint arXiv:2404.19589
Acceptance Tests of more than 10 000 Photomultiplier Tubes for the multi-PMT Digital Optical Modules of the IceCube Upgrade
More than 10,000 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) with a diameter of 80 mm will be installed in multi-PMT Digital Optical Modules (mDOMs) of the IceCube Upgrade. These have been tested and pre-calibrated at two sites. A throughput of more than 1000 PMTs per week with both sites was achieved with a modular design of the testing facilities and highly automated testing procedures. The testing facilities can easily be adapted to other PMTs, such that they can, e.g., be re-used for testing the PMTs for IceCube-Gen2. Single photoelectron response, high voltage dependence, time resolution, prepulse, late pulse, afterpulse probabilities, and dark rates were measured for each PMT. We describe the design of the testing facilities, the testing procedures, and the results of the acceptance tests.
2024/4/30
Article DetailsJustin A Vandenbroucke
University of Wisconsin-Madison
arXiv preprint arXiv:2403.04857
Dark Matter Line Searches with the Cherenkov Telescope Array
Monochromatic gamma-ray signals constitute a potential smoking gun signature for annihilating or decaying dark matter particles that could relatively easily be distinguished from astrophysical or instrumental backgrounds. We provide an updated assessment of the sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) to such signals, based on observations of the Galactic centre region as well as of selected dwarf spheroidal galaxies. We find that current limits and detection prospects for dark matter masses above 300 GeV will be significantly improved, by up to an order of magnitude in the multi-TeV range. This demonstrates that CTA will set a new standard for gamma-ray astronomy also in this respect, as the world's largest and most sensitive high-energy gamma-ray observatory, in particular due to its exquisite energy resolution at TeV energies and the adopted observational strategy focussing on regions with large dark matter densities. Throughout our analysis, we use up-to-date instrument response functions, and we thoroughly model the effect of instrumental systematic uncertainties in our statistical treatment. We further present results for other potential signatures with sharp spectral features, e.g.~box-shaped spectra, that would likewise very clearly point to a particle dark matter origin.
2024/3/7
Article DetailsMichael A. DuVernois
University of Wisconsin-Madison
VizieR Online Data Catalog
VizieR Online Data Catalog: IceCube Event Catalog of Alert Tracks (ICECAT-1)(Abbasi+, 2023)
We compile the neutrino alert catalog by applying the procedures of event selection described in Section 3 followed by likelihood scans on IceCube data going back to 2011 May.
2024/2
Article DetailsHershal Pandya
University of Delaware
arXiv preprint arXiv:2401.11994
Citizen Science for IceCube: Name that Neutrino
Name that Neutrino is a citizen science project where volunteers aid in classification of events for the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, an immense particle detector at the geographic South Pole. From March 2023 to September 2023, volunteers did classifications of videos produced from simulated data of both neutrino signal and background interactions. Name that Neutrino obtained more than 128,000 classifications by over 1,800 registered volunteers that were compared to results obtained by a deep neural network machine-learning algorithm. Possible improvements for both Name that Neutrino and the deep neural network are discussed.
2024/1/22
Article DetailsFrancis Halzen
University of Wisconsin-Madison
The Astrophysical Journal
Search for Continuous and Transient Neutrino Emission Associated with IceCube’s Highest-energy Tracks: An 11 yr Analysis
IceCube alert events are neutrinos with a moderate-to-high probability of having astrophysical origin. In this study, we analyze 11 yr of IceCube data and investigate 122 alert events and a selection of high-energy tracks detected between 2009 and the end of 2021. This high-energy event selection (alert events+ high-energy tracks) has an average probability of 0.5 of being of astrophysical origin. We search for additional continuous and transient neutrino emission within the high-energy events’ error regions. We find no evidence for significant continuous neutrino emission from any of the alert event directions. The only locally significant neutrino emission is the transient emission associated with the blazar TXS0506+ 056, with a local significance of 3σ, which confirms previous IceCube studies. When correcting for 122 test positions, the global p-value is 0.156 and compatible with the background hypothesis. We …
2024/3/13
Article DetailsIbrahim Safa
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Measurement of the differential cross section for neutral pion production in charged-current muon neutrino interactions on argon with the MicroBooNE detector
The normalized differential cross section for top quark pair (tt¯) production is measured in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8TeV at the CERN LHC using the CMS detector in data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7fb-1. The measurements are performed in the lepton+jets (e/μ++jets) and in the dilepton e+e-, μ+μ-, and e±μ∓) decay channels. The tt¯ cross section is measured as a function of the kinematic properties of the charged leptons, the jets associated to b quarks, the top quarks, and the tt¯ system. The data are compared with several predictions from perturbative quantum chromodynamic up to approximate next-to-next-to-leading-order precision. No significant deviations are observed relative to the standard model predictions. © 2015, CERN for the benefit of the CMS collaboration.
2015
Article DetailsRamesh Koirala
University of Delaware
The Astrophysical Journal
Search for Continuous and Transient Neutrino Emission Associated with IceCube’s Highest-energy Tracks: An 11 yr Analysis
IceCube alert events are neutrinos with a moderate-to-high probability of having astrophysical origin. In this study, we analyze 11 yr of IceCube data and investigate 122 alert events and a selection of high-energy tracks detected between 2009 and the end of 2021. This high-energy event selection (alert events+ high-energy tracks) has an average probability of 0.5 of being of astrophysical origin. We search for additional continuous and transient neutrino emission within the high-energy events’ error regions. We find no evidence for significant continuous neutrino emission from any of the alert event directions. The only locally significant neutrino emission is the transient emission associated with the blazar TXS0506+ 056, with a local significance of 3σ, which confirms previous IceCube studies. When correcting for 122 test positions, the global p-value is 0.156 and compatible with the background hypothesis. We …
2024/3/13
Article DetailsJustin A Vandenbroucke
University of Wisconsin-Madison
The Astronomer's Telegram
1ES 1959+ 650: Upper limits from a neutrino search with IceCube
The IceCube Collaboration (http://icecube. wisc. edu/) reports: IceCube has performed a search for track-like muon neutrino events arriving from the direction of the blazar 1ES 1959+ 650, which is flaring in the TeV and MeV-GeV gamma-ray bands (LHAASO ATel# 16437 and Fermi-LAT ATel# 16456, respectively), as well as in soft X-rays (Swift XRT ATel# 16449).
2024/2
Article DetailsAndrew Connolly
University of Washington
American Astronomical Society Meeting Abstracts
LINCC-HiPSCat and LSDB: Joint Distributed Analysis of LSST-Scale Datasets
The present decade will be marked by growth of large survey catalogs, both in their number and scale. Joint analysis of such catalogs has historically shown itself to be tremendously useful (eg enabling multi-wavelength or time-domain studies), with its importance likely to rise even further. Yet, with the increase in scale towards PBs of data, joint analysis—even at a catalog level—becomes a complex data management problem that few astronomers are equipped to tackle with present-day technology. We present HiPSCat, a format for efficient and queryable storage of large datasets, and LSDB (Large Survey DataBase), a Python framework that enables distributed cross-matching and analysis of astronomical datasets at LSST scale (O (10B) sources). The HiPSCat format, framework-independent and built as an extension of the well-known IVOA HIPS standard, provides intelligent (balanced) spatial partitioning and …
2024/2
Article DetailsAndrew Connolly
University of Washington
Nature Physics
Search for decoherence from quantum gravity with atmospheric neutrinos
Neutrino oscillations at the highest energies and longest baselines can be used to study the structure of spacetime and test the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics. If the metric of spacetime has a quantum mechanical description, its fluctuations at the Planck scale are expected to introduce non-unitary effects that are inconsistent with the standard unitary time evolution of quantum mechanics. Neutrinos interacting with such fluctuations would lose their quantum coherence, deviating from the expected oscillatory flavour composition at long distances and high energies. Here we use atmospheric neutrinos detected by the IceCube South Pole Neutrino Observatory in the energy range of 0.5-10.0 TeV to search for coherence loss in neutrino propagation. We find no evidence of anomalous neutrino decoherence and determine limits on neutrino-quantum gravity interactions. The constraint on the effective decoherence strength parameter within an energy-independent decoherence model improves on previous limits by a factor of 30. For decoherence effects scaling as E2, our limits are advanced by more than six orders of magnitude beyond past measurements compared with the state of the art. Interactions of atmospheric neutrinos with quantum-gravity-induced fluctuations of the metric of spacetime would lead to decoherence. The IceCube Collaboration constrains such interactions with atmospheric neutrinos.
2024
Article DetailsIgnacio Taboada
Georgia Institute of Technology
VizieR Online Data Catalog
VizieR Online Data Catalog: IceCube Event Catalog of Alert Tracks (ICECAT-1)(Abbasi+, 2023)
We compile the neutrino alert catalog by applying the procedures of event selection described in Section 3 followed by likelihood scans on IceCube data going back to 2011 May.
2024/2
Article DetailsAndrew Connolly
University of Washington
Physical Review Letters
Observation of seven astrophysical tau neutrino candidates with IceCube
We report on a measurement of astrophysical tau neutrinos with 9.7 yr of IceCube data. Using convolutional neural networks trained on images derived from simulated events, seven candidate ν τ events were found with visible energies ranging from roughly 20 TeV to 1 PeV and a median expected parent ν τ energy of about 200 TeV. Considering backgrounds from astrophysical and atmospheric neutrinos, and muons from π±/K±decays in atmospheric air showers, we obtain a total estimated background of about 0.5 events, dominated by non-ν τ astrophysical neutrinos. Thus, we rule out the absence of astrophysical ν τ at the 5 σ level. The measured astrophysical ν τ flux is consistent with expectations based on previously published IceCube astrophysical neutrino flux measurements and neutrino oscillations.
2024/4/11
Article DetailsAndrew Connolly
University of Washington
arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.18026
Characterization of the Astrophysical Diffuse Neutrino Flux using Starting Track Events in IceCube
A measurement of the diffuse astrophysical neutrino spectrum is presented using IceCube data collected from 2011-2022 (10.3 years). We developed novel detection techniques to search for events with a contained vertex and exiting track induced by muon neutrinos undergoing a charged-current interaction. Searching for these starting track events allows us to not only more effectively reject atmospheric muons but also atmospheric neutrino backgrounds in the southern sky, opening a new window to the sub-100 TeV astrophysical neutrino sky. The event selection is constructed using a dynamic starting track veto and machine learning algorithms. We use this data to measure the astrophysical diffuse flux as a single power law flux (SPL) with a best-fit spectral index of and per-flavor normalization of $\phi^{\mathrm{Astro}}_{\mathrm{per-flavor}} = 1.68 ^{+0.19}_{-0.22} \times 10^{-18} \times \mathrm{GeV}^{-1} \mathrm{cm}^{-2} \mathrm{s}^{-1} \mathrm{sr}^{-1}$ (at 100 TeV). The sensitive energy range for this dataset is 3 - 550 TeV under the SPL assumption. This data was also used to measure the flux under a broken power law, however we did not find any evidence of a low energy cutoff.
2024/2/28
Article DetailsReina H. Maruyama
Yale University
The Astrophysical Journal
Search for 10–1000 GeV Neutrinos from Gamma-Ray Bursts with IceCube
We present the results of a search for 10–1000 GeV neutrinos from 2268 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) over 8 yr of IceCube-DeepCore data. This work probes burst physics below the photosphere where electromagnetic radiation cannot escape. Neutrinos of tens of giga electronvolts are predicted in sub-photospheric collision of free-streaming neutrons with bulk-jet protons. In a first analysis, we searched for the most significant neutrino-GRB coincidence using six overlapping time windows centered on the prompt phase of each GRB. In a second analysis, we conducted a search for a group of GRBs, each individually too weak to be detectable, but potentially significant when combined. No evidence of neutrino emission is found for either analysis. The most significant neutrino coincidence is for Fermi-GBM GRB bn 140807500, with a p-value of 0.097 corrected for all trials. The binomial test used to search for a group of …
2024/3/22
Article DetailsMehr Un Nisa
Michigan State University
arXiv preprint arXiv:2404.19589
Acceptance Tests of more than 10 000 Photomultiplier Tubes for the multi-PMT Digital Optical Modules of the IceCube Upgrade
More than 10,000 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) with a diameter of 80 mm will be installed in multi-PMT Digital Optical Modules (mDOMs) of the IceCube Upgrade. These have been tested and pre-calibrated at two sites. A throughput of more than 1000 PMTs per week with both sites was achieved with a modular design of the testing facilities and highly automated testing procedures. The testing facilities can easily be adapted to other PMTs, such that they can, e.g., be re-used for testing the PMTs for IceCube-Gen2. Single photoelectron response, high voltage dependence, time resolution, prepulse, late pulse, afterpulse probabilities, and dark rates were measured for each PMT. We describe the design of the testing facilities, the testing procedures, and the results of the acceptance tests.
2024/4/30
Article DetailsMehr Un Nisa
Michigan State University
arXiv preprint arXiv:2403.02470
Improved modeling of in-ice particle showers for IceCube event reconstruction
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory relies on an array of photomultiplier tubes to detect Cherenkov light produced by charged particles in the South Pole ice. IceCube data analyses depend on an in-depth characterization of the glacial ice, and on novel approaches in event reconstruction that utilize fast approximations of photoelectron yields. Here, a more accurate model is derived for event reconstruction that better captures our current knowledge of ice optical properties. When evaluated on a Monte Carlo simulation set, the median angular resolution for in-ice particle showers improves by over a factor of three compared to a reconstruction based on a simplified model of the ice. The most substantial improvement is obtained when including effects of birefringence due to the polycrystalline structure of the ice. When evaluated on data classified as particle showers in the high-energy starting events sample, a significantly improved description of the events is observed.
2024/3/4
Article DetailsTianlu Yuan
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Bulletin of the American Physical Society
Multi-Flavor Neutrino Search from Cygnus Cocoon with IceCube
The Cygnus Cocoon is among the most luminous extended galactic γ-ray sources. It has been observed by various instruments, including Fermi, ARGO, HAWC, and most recently, LHAASO, detecting photons with energies up to~ 1.4 PeV. Confirming the hadronic origin of these high-energy photons relies on detecting a neutrino excess. Our study focuses on searching for electron neutrinos, muon neutrinos, and tau neutrinos originating from the direction of the Cygnus Cocoon, utilizing data collected at the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. Additionally, we will present results obtained from template-based measurements of galactic diffuse neutrinos, using all three neutrino flavors.
2024/4/4
Article DetailsTianlu Yuan
University of Wisconsin-Madison
The Astrophysical Journal
Search for Galactic Core-collapse Supernovae in a Decade of Data Taken with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory has been continuously taking data to search for
2024/1/16
Article DetailsJ.J. Evans
Manchester University
Cureus
A Meta-Analysis to Evaluate Implant Survival and Benefits of the Use of Dual Mobility Constructs in Total Hip Replacement Following Hip Fracture
Total hip replacement (THR) is commonly performed to treat hip fractures. Dual-mobility constructs (DMCs) are increasingly used for this indication. The aim of this study was to use evidence synthesis techniques to estimate net all-cause construct survival for THR with DMC performed for hip fracture. Additionally, we aimed to investigate and describe differences in all-cause construct survival (if present) between THRs performed with DMC (DMC-THR) or with a conventional bearing construct following hip fracture.We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies (including joint registries), including DMC-THR for hip fracture which provided Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival estimates. The primary outcome was all-cause construct survival over time. The study was prospectively registered on PROSPERO (CRD42020173117).
2024/4/22
Article DetailsOther articles from Physical Review D journal
Laurent Lellouch
Aix-Marseille Université
Physical Review D
Hadronic vacuum polarization: comparing lattice QCD and data-driven results in systematically improvable ways
The precision with which hadronic vacuum polarization (HVP) is obtained determines how accurately important observables, such as the muon anomalous magnetic moment a μ or the low-energy running of the electromagnetic coupling α, are predicted. The two most precise approaches for determining HVP are dispersive relations combined with e+ e−→ hadrons cross section data and lattice QCD. However, the results obtained in these two approaches display significant tensions, whose origins are not understood. Here we present a framework that sheds light on this issue and—if the two approaches can be reconciled—allows them to be combined. Via this framework, we test the hypothesis that the tensions can be explained by modifying the R-ratio in different intervals of center-of-mass energy s. As ingredients, we consider observables that have been precisely determined in both approaches. These are the …
2024/4/22
Article DetailsFuquan Wang
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Physical Review D
Search for quantum black hole production in lepton+ jet final states using proton-proton collisions at s= 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
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2024/2/27
Article DetailsChristian Weber
Technische Universität Berlin
Physical Review D
Search for quantum black hole production in lepton+ jet final states using proton-proton collisions at s= 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
A search for quantum black holes in electron+ jet and muon+ jet invariant mass spectra is performed with 140 fb− 1 of data collected by the ATLAS detector in proton-proton collisions at s= 13 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. The observed invariant mass spectrum of lepton+ jet pairs is consistent with Standard Model expectations. Upper limits are set at 95% confidence level on the production cross section times branching fractions for quantum black holes decaying into a lepton and a quark in a search region with invariant mass above 2.0 TeV. The resulting quantum black hole lower mass threshold limit is 9.2 TeV in the Arkani-Hamed-Dimopoulos-Dvali model, and 6.8 TeV in the Randall-Sundrum model.
2024/2/27
Article DetailsDariescu
Universitatea Alexandru Ioan Cuza din Iasi
Physical Review D
Charged particles in the background of the Kiselev solution in power-Maxwell electrodynamics
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2024/1/17
Article DetailsHiranya Peiris
University College London
Physical Review D
Analog vacuum decay from vacuum initial conditions
Ultracold atomic gases can undergo phase transitions that mimic relativistic vacuum decay, allowing us to empirically test early Universe physics in tabletop experiments. We investigate the physics of these analog systems, going beyond previous analyses of the classical equations of motion to study quantum fluctuations in the cold-atom false vacuum. We show that the fluctuation spectrum of this vacuum state agrees with the usual relativistic result in the regime where the classical analogy holds, providing further evidence for the suitability of these systems for studying vacuum decay. Using a suite of semiclassical lattice simulations, we simulate bubble nucleation from this analog vacuum state in a 1D homonuclear potassium-41 mixture, finding qualitative agreement with instanton predictions. We identify realistic parameters for this system that will allow us to study vacuum decay with current experimental …
2024/1/4
Article DetailsHiranya Peiris
University College London
Physical Review D
Deep learning insights into cosmological structure formation
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2024/3/14
Article DetailsCharalampos Moustakidis
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Physical Review D
Constraints for the X17 boson from compact objects observations
We investigate the hypothetical X17 boson on neutron stars and quark stars (QSs) using various hadronic equation of states (EoSs) with phenomenological or microscopic origin. Our aim is to set realistic constraints on its coupling constant and the mass scaling, with respect to causality and various possible upper mass limits and the dimensionless tidal deformability Λ 1.4. In particular, we pay special attention to two main phenomenological parameters of the X17, one is related to the coupling constant g that it has with hadrons or quarks and the other with the in-medium effects through regulator C. Both are very crucial concerning the contribution on the total energy density and pressure. In the case of considering the X17 as a carrier of nuclear force in relativistic mean field theory, an admixture into the vector boson segment was constrained by 20% and 30%. In our investigation, we came to the general conclusion …
2024/2/15
Article DetailsCharalampos Moustakidis
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Physical Review D
Hybrid stars in light of the HESS J1731-347 remnant and the PREX-II experiment
The recent analysis on the central compact object in the HESS J1731-347 remnant suggests interestingly small values for its mass and radius. Such an observation favors soft nuclear models that may be challenged by the observation of massive compact stars. In contrast, the recent PREX-II experiment, concerning the neutron skin thickness of Pb 208, points toward stiff equations of state that favor larger compact star radii. In the present study, we aim to explore the compatibility between stiff hadronic equations of state (favored by PREX-II) and the HESS J1731-347 remnant in the context of hybrid stars. For the construction of hybrid equations of state we use three widely employed Skyrme models combined with the well-known vector MIT bag model. Furthermore we consider two different scenarios concerning the energy density of the bag. In the first case, that of a constant bag parameter, we find that the resulting …
2024/3/14
Article DetailsClaudia Moreno
Universidad de Guadalajara
Physical Review D
GWTC-2.1: Deep extended catalog of compact binary coalescences observed by LIGO and Virgo during the first half of the third observing run
The second Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog, GWTC-2, reported on 39 compact binary coalescences observed by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors between 1 April 2019 15∶ 00 UTC and 1 October 2019 15∶ 00 UTC. Here, we present GWTC-2.1, which reports on a deeper list of candidate events observed over the same period. We analyze the final version of the strain data over this period with improved calibration and better subtraction of excess noise, which has been publicly released. We employ three matched-filter search pipelines for candidate identification, and estimate the probability of astrophysical origin for each candidate event. While GWTC-2 used a false alarm rate threshold of 2 per year, we include in GWTC-2.1, 1201 candidates that pass a false alarm rate threshold of 2 per day. We calculate the source properties of a subset of 44 high-significance candidates that have a …
2024/1/5
Article DetailsClaudia Moreno
Universidad de Guadalajara
Physical Review D
Post-Newtonian gravitational waves with cosmological constant from the Einstein-Hilbert theory
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2024/3/19
Article DetailsIan M. Shoemaker
University of South Dakota
Physical Review D
Long-lived particles and the quiet Sun
The nuclear reaction network within the interior of the Sun is an efficient MeV physics factory and can produce long-lived particles generic to dark sector models. In this work we consider the sensitivity of satellite instruments, primarily the RHESSI spectrometer, that observe the quiet Sun in the MeV regime where backgrounds are low. We find that quiet Sun observations offer a powerful and complementary probe in regions of parameter space, where the long-lived particle decay length is longer than the radius of the Sun and shorter than the distance between the Sun and Earth. We comment on connections to recent model-building work on heavy neutral leptons coupled to neutrinos and high-quality axions from mirror symmetries.
2024/1/22
Article DetailsHao Y. Zhang / 张昊
University of Pennsylvania
Physical Review D
Intermediate defect groups, polarization pairs, and noninvertible duality defects
Within the framework of relative and absolute quantum field theories (QFTs), we present a general formalism for understanding polarizations of the intermediate defect group and constructing noninvertible duality defects in theories in 2 k spacetime dimensions with self-dual gauge fields. We introduce the polarization pair, which fully specifies absolute QFTs as far as their (k− 1)-form defect groups are concerned, including their (k− 1)-form symmetries, global structures (including discrete θ-angle), and local counterterms. Using the associated symmetry topological field theory (TFT), we show that the polarization pair is capable of succinctly describing topological manipulations, eg, gauging (k− 1)-form global symmetries and stacking counterterms, of absolute QFTs. Furthermore, automorphisms of the (k− 1)-form charge lattice naturally act on polarization pairs via their action on the defect group; they can be viewed as …
2024/1/10
Article DetailsIgor Altsybeev
St. Petersburg State University
Physical Review D
Measurement of the fraction of jet longitudinal momentum carried by baryons in collisions
Recent measurements of charm-baryon production in hadronic collisions have questioned the universality of charm-quark fragmentation across different collision systems. In this work the fragmentation of charm quarks into charm baryons is probed, by presenting the first measurement of the longitudinal jet momentum fraction carried by Λ c+ baryons, z∥ ch, in hadronic collisions. The results are obtained in proton-proton (p p) collisions at s= 13 TeV at the LHC, with Λ c+ baryons and charged (track-based) jets reconstructed in the transverse momentum intervals of 3≤ p T Λ c+< 15 GeV/c and 7≤ p T jet ch< 15 GeV/c, respectively. The z∥ ch distribution is compared to a measurement of D 0-tagged charged jets in p p collisions as well as to pythia 8 simulations. The data hints that the fragmentation of charm quarks into charm baryons is softer with respect to charm mesons, in the measured kinematic interval, as …
2024/4/5
Article DetailsFabrizio BARONE
Università degli Studi di Salerno
Physical Review D
GWTC-2.1: Deep extended catalog of compact binary coalescences observed by LIGO and Virgo during the first half of the third observing run
The second Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog, GWTC-2, reported on 39 compact binary coalescences observed by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors between 1 April 2019 15∶ 00 UTC and 1 October 2019 15∶ 00 UTC. Here, we present GWTC-2.1, which reports on a deeper list of candidate events observed over the same period. We analyze the final version of the strain data over this period with improved calibration and better subtraction of excess noise, which has been publicly released. We employ three matched-filter search pipelines for candidate identification, and estimate the probability of astrophysical origin for each candidate event. While GWTC-2 used a false alarm rate threshold of 2 per year, we include in GWTC-2.1, 1201 candidates that pass a false alarm rate threshold of 2 per day. We calculate the source properties of a subset of 44 high-significance candidates that have a …
2024/1/5
Article DetailsJohn Veitch
University of Glasgow
Physical Review D
GWTC-2.1: Deep extended catalog of compact binary coalescences observed by LIGO and Virgo during the first half of the third observing run
The second Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog, GWTC-2, reported on 39 compact binary coalescences observed by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors between 1 April 2019 15∶ 00 UTC and 1 October 2019 15∶ 00 UTC. Here, we present GWTC-2.1, which reports on a deeper list of candidate events observed over the same period. We analyze the final version of the strain data over this period with improved calibration and better subtraction of excess noise, which has been publicly released. We employ three matched-filter search pipelines for candidate identification, and estimate the probability of astrophysical origin for each candidate event. While GWTC-2 used a false alarm rate threshold of 2 per year, we include in GWTC-2.1, 1201 candidates that pass a false alarm rate threshold of 2 per day. We calculate the source properties of a subset of 44 high-significance candidates that have a …
2024/1/5
Article DetailsElham E Khoda
University of Washington
Physical Review D
Search for quantum black hole production in lepton+ jet final states using proton-proton collisions at s= 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
A search for quantum black holes in electron+ jet and muon+ jet invariant mass spectra is performed with 140 fb− 1 of data collected by the ATLAS detector in proton-proton collisions at s= 13 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. The observed invariant mass spectrum of lepton+ jet pairs is consistent with Standard Model expectations. Upper limits are set at 95% confidence level on the production cross section times branching fractions for quantum black holes decaying into a lepton and a quark in a search region with invariant mass above 2.0 TeV. The resulting quantum black hole lower mass threshold limit is 9.2 TeV in the Arkani-Hamed-Dimopoulos-Dvali model, and 6.8 TeV in the Randall-Sundrum model.
2024/2/27
Article DetailsDavid Silvermyr
Lunds Universitet
Physical Review D
Measurement of the fraction of jet longitudinal momentum carried by baryons in collisions
Recent measurements of charm-baryon production in hadronic collisions have questioned the universality of charm-quark fragmentation across different collision systems. In this work the fragmentation of charm quarks into charm baryons is probed, by presenting the first measurement of the longitudinal jet momentum fraction carried by Λ c+ baryons, z∥ ch, in hadronic collisions. The results are obtained in proton-proton (p p) collisions at s= 13 TeV at the LHC, with Λ c+ baryons and charged (track-based) jets reconstructed in the transverse momentum intervals of 3≤ p T Λ c+< 15 GeV/c and 7≤ p T jet ch< 15 GeV/c, respectively. The z∥ ch distribution is compared to a measurement of D 0-tagged charged jets in p p collisions as well as to pythia 8 simulations. The data hints that the fragmentation of charm quarks into charm baryons is softer with respect to charm mesons, in the measured kinematic interval, as …
2024/4/5
Article DetailsGiuseppe Callea
University of Glasgow
Physical Review D
Search for quantum black hole production in lepton+ jet final states using proton-proton collisions at s= 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
A search for quantum black holes in electron+ jet and muon+ jet invariant mass spectra is performed with 140 fb− 1 of data collected by the ATLAS detector in proton-proton collisions at s= 13 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. The observed invariant mass spectrum of lepton+ jet pairs is consistent with Standard Model expectations. Upper limits are set at 95% confidence level on the production cross section times branching fractions for quantum black holes decaying into a lepton and a quark in a search region with invariant mass above 2.0 TeV. The resulting quantum black hole lower mass threshold limit is 9.2 TeV in the Arkani-Hamed-Dimopoulos-Dvali model, and 6.8 TeV in the Randall-Sundrum model.
2024/2/27
Article DetailsMinsu Park
University of Pennsylvania
Physical Review D
Atacama Cosmology Telescope: The persistence of neutrino self-interaction in cosmological measurements
We use data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) DR4 to search for the presence of neutrino self-interaction in the cosmic microwave background. Consistent with prior works, the posterior distributions we find are bimodal, with one mode consistent with Λ CDM and one where neutrinos strongly self-interact. By combining ACT data with large-scale information from WMAP, we find that a delayed onset of neutrino free streaming caused by significantly strong neutrino self-interaction is compatible with these data at the 2− 3 σ level. As seen in the past, the preference shifts to Λ CDM with the inclusion of Planck data. We determine that the preference for strong neutrino self-interaction is largely driven by angular scales corresponding to 700≲ ℓ≲ 1000 in the ACT E-mode polarization data. This region is expected to be key to discriminate between neutrino self-interacting modes and will soon be probed with …
2024/2/1
Article DetailsHerodotos Herodotou
Cyprus University of Technology
Physical Review D
Supersymmetric QCD on the lattice: Fine-tuning of the Yukawa couplings
We determine the fine-tuning of the Yukawa couplings of supersymmetric QCD, discretized on a lattice. We use perturbation theory at one-loop level. The modified minimal subtraction scheme (MS) is employed; by its definition, this scheme requires perturbative calculations, in the continuum and/or on the lattice. On the lattice, we utilize the Wilson formulation for gluon, quark, and gluino fields; for squark fields we use naive discretization. The sheer difficulties of this study lie in the fact that different components of squark fields mix among themselves at the quantum level and the action’s symmetries, such as parity and charge conjugation, allow an additional Yukawa coupling. Consequently, for an appropriate fine-tuning of the Yukawa terms, these mixings must be taken into account in the renormalization conditions. All Green’s functions and renormalization factors are analytic expressions depending on the number of …
2024/2/20
Article Details