Paul M Chaikin
New York University
H-index: 101
North America-United States
Description
Paul M Chaikin, With an exceptional h-index of 101 and a recent h-index of 43 (since 2020), a distinguished researcher at New York University, specializes in the field of soft condensed matter physics.
His recent articles reflect a diverse array of research interests and contributions to the field:
Stealthy and hyperuniform isotropic photonic bandgap structure in 3D
Social Physics of Bacteria: Avoidance of an Information Black Hole
Tri-State Logic Computation by Activating DNA Origami Chain
Large, defect-free FCC colloidal crystals under microgravity
Light-Triggered Inflation of Microdroplets
Characterization of non-equilibrium melting in a 2D crystal
Toward three-dimensional DNA industrial nanorobots
Random Close Packing is least random in 3D
Professor Information
University | New York University |
---|---|
Position | Silver Professor of Physics |
Citations(all) | 46583 |
Citations(since 2020) | 9705 |
Cited By | 41661 |
hIndex(all) | 101 |
hIndex(since 2020) | 43 |
i10Index(all) | 331 |
i10Index(since 2020) | 134 |
University Profile Page | New York University |
Research & Interests List
soft condensed matter physics
Top articles of Paul M Chaikin
Stealthy and hyperuniform isotropic photonic bandgap structure in 3D
In photonic crystals the propagation of light is governed by their photonic band structure, an ensemble of propagating states grouped into bands, separated by photonic band gaps. Due to discrete symmetries in spatially strictly periodic dielectric structures their photonic band structure is intrinsically anisotropic. However, for many applications, such as manufacturing artificial structural color materials or developing photonic computing devices, but also for the fundamental understanding of light-matter interactions, it is of major interest to seek materials with long range non-periodic dielectric structures which allow the formation of {\it isotropic} photonic band gaps. Here, we report the first ever 3D isotropic photonic band gap for an optimized disordered stealthy hyperuniform structure for microwaves. The transmission spectra are directly compared to a diamond pattern and an amorphous structure with similar node density. The band structure is measured experimentally for all three microwave structures, manufactured by 3D-Laser-printing for meta-materials with refractive index up to . Results agree well with finite-difference-time-domain numerical investigations and a priori calculations of the band-gap for the hyperuniform structure: the diamond structure shows gaps but being anisotropic as expected, the stealthy hyperuniform pattern shows an isotropic gap of very similar magnitude, while the amorphous structure does not show a gap at all. The centimeter scaled microwave structures may serve as prototypes for micrometer scaled structures with bandgaps in the technologically very interesting region of infrared (IR).
Authors
Lukas Siedentop,Gianluc Lui,Georg Maret,Paul M Chaikin,Paul J Steinhardt,Salvatore Torquato,Peter Keim,Marian Florescu
Journal
arXiv preprint arXiv:2403.08404
Published Date
2024/3/13
Social Physics of Bacteria: Avoidance of an Information Black Hole
Social physics explores responses to information exchange in a social network, and can be mapped down to bacterial collective signaling. Here, we explore how social inter-bacterial communication includes coordination of response to communication loss, as opposed to solitary searching for food, with collective response emergence at the population level. We present a 2-dimensional enclosed microfluidic environment that utilizes concentric rings of funnel ratchets, which direct motile E.coli bacteria towards a sole exit hole, an information ``black hole'', passage into the black hole irreversibly sweeps the bacteria away via hydrodynamic flow. We show that the spatiotemporal evolution of entropy production reveals how bacteria avoid crossing the hydrodynamic black hole information horizon.
Authors
Trung V Phan,Shengkai Li,Domenic Ferreris,Ryan Morris,Julia Bos,Buming Gou,Stephano Martiniani,Paul Chaikin,Yannis G Kevrekidis,Robert H Austin
Journal
arXiv preprint arXiv:2401.16691
Published Date
2024/1/30
Tri-State Logic Computation by Activating DNA Origami Chain
The invention of DNA nanotechnology has enabled molecular computation as a promising substitute for traditional semiconductors which are limited to two-dimensional architectures and by heating problems resulting from densification. Current studies of logic gates achieved by DNA molecules are predominately focused on two-state operations (AND, OR, etc.); however, realizing tri-state logic (high impedance Z) in DNA computation is understudied. Here we actively fold DNA origami chain-like hinged rods to induce conformational changes that return tri-state logic signals. We use rigid six helix-bundle (6HB) DNA origami to self-assemble a linear trimer chain as a circuit platform with functional single-stranded (ss) DNA near each semi-flexible hinge. The presence or absence of ssDNA enable and input strands allows hybridization to take place at the hinges, activating one-fold (0) or two-folds (1) from the straight …
Authors
Kun Wang,Qiuyan Huang,Mohammed Ragab Elshaer,Brian Knorr,Paul Chaikin,Guolong Zhu
Journal
Nanoscale
Published Date
2024
Large, defect-free FCC colloidal crystals under microgravity
Here we report the results of microgravity experiments performed on the International Space Station (ISS) to study crystallized, metastable colloidal liquids in the region of the hard sphere phase diagram that has been found to be glassy on Earth. Using confocal microscopy, we observed the self-assembly of high density, three-dimensional colloidal crystals from micron-size hard spheres suspended within a fluid medium. The largest face-centered cubic (FCC) phase measured 27 x 1.5 x 0.15 mm. From a practical aspect, the fact that a single, topological defect-free FCC colloidal crystal can be grown in microgravity and the crystal returned from orbit suggests new routes for manufacturing colloidal devices, particularly optical elements in space.
Authors
Qian Lei,Boris Khusid,Lou Kondic,Paul M Chaikin,Andrew D Hollingsworth,Alton J Reich,Richard B Rodgers,William V Meyer
Journal
arXiv preprint arXiv:2404.07291
Published Date
2024/4/10
Light-Triggered Inflation of Microdroplets
Driven systems composed largely of droplets and fuel make up a significant portion of microbiological function. At the micrometer scale, fully synthetic systems that perform an array of tasks within a uniform bulk are much more rare. In this work, we introduce an innovative design for solid-in-oil composite microdroplets. These microdroplets are engineered to nucleate an internal phase, undergo inflation, and eventually burst, all powered by a steady and uniform energy input. We show that by altering the background input, volumetric change and burst time can be tuned. When the inflated droplets release the inner contents, colloidal particles are shown to transiently attract to the release point. Lastly, we show that the system has the ability to perform multiple inflation–burst cycles. We anticipate that our conceptual design of internally powered microdroplets will catalyze further research into autonomous systems …
Authors
Adam W Hauser,Qintian Zhou,Paul M Chaikin,Stefano Sacanna
Journal
Chemistry of Materials
Published Date
2024/4/4
Characterization of non-equilibrium melting in a 2D crystal
Here we study how a non-equilibrium 2D crystal undergoes melting as a function of activity. We use a system of charged particles confined to an oil-water interface forming a 2D lattice, a fraction of which have additional magnetic particles that sit directly below them and are rotated by an external magnetic field. This activity allows for the proliferation of topological defects, leading to melting of the 2D crystal. We characterize the nature of this melting transition and determine its order using conventional tools such as g 6 (r) and the local distribution of ψ 6. In addition, we use information theoretic approaches such as the computable information density (CID) and calculation of entropy production to gain further insight into the behavior of this non-equilibrium melting transition.
Authors
Ankit Vyas,Ashley Guo,Stefano Sacanna,Andrew Hollingsworth,Paul Chaikin
Journal
APS March Meeting Abstracts
Published Date
2023
Toward three-dimensional DNA industrial nanorobots
Nanoscale industrial robots have potential as manufacturing platforms and are capable of automatically performing repetitive tasks to handle and produce nanomaterials with consistent precision and accuracy. We demonstrate a DNA industrial nanorobot that fabricates a three-dimensional (3D), optically active chiral structure from optically inactive parts. By making use of externally controlled temperature and ultraviolet (UV) light, our programmable robot, ~100 nanometers in size, grabs different parts, positions and aligns them so that they can be welded, releases the construct, and returns to its original configuration ready for its next operation. Our robot can also self-replicate its 3D structure and functions, surpassing single-step templating (restricted to two dimensions) by using folding to access the third dimension and more degrees of freedom. Our introduction of multiple-axis precise folding and positioning as a …
Authors
Feng Zhou,Heng Ni,Guolong Zhu,Lev Bershadsky,Ruojie Sha,Nadrian C Seeman,Paul M Chaikin
Journal
Science Robotics
Published Date
2023/12/6
Random Close Packing is least random in 3D
Biased Random Organization (BRO) is a simple dynamical model that produces hyperuniform Random Close Packed (RCP) structures at its critical endpoint in 3D. BRO follows Manna universality class behavior, with an upper critical dimension of 4. We confirm mean field exponents for d>= 4 through analysis of the fraction of active states and the distribution of interparticle gaps. Through simulations, we show that monodisperse BRO systems in d= 3, 4, 5 recover RCP behavior at their critical endpoint with previously predicted packing fractions of φ= 0.64, 0.45, and 0.30 respectively. Additionally, we find BRO in d= 3, 4, 5 produces structures with their corresponding isostatic contact numbers Z= 6, 8, and 10. While bidisperse BRO in 2D produces hyperuniform and isostatic critical states, the monodisperse case instead produces a crystalline state as its critical endpoint. This leads us to conjecture that BRO produces …
Authors
Ashley Guo,Sam Wilken,Dov Levine,Paul Chaikin
Journal
APS March Meeting Abstracts
Published Date
2023
Professor FAQs
What is Paul M Chaikin's h-index at New York University?
The h-index of Paul M Chaikin has been 43 since 2020 and 101 in total.
What are Paul M Chaikin's top articles?
The articles with the titles of
Stealthy and hyperuniform isotropic photonic bandgap structure in 3D
Social Physics of Bacteria: Avoidance of an Information Black Hole
Tri-State Logic Computation by Activating DNA Origami Chain
Large, defect-free FCC colloidal crystals under microgravity
Light-Triggered Inflation of Microdroplets
Characterization of non-equilibrium melting in a 2D crystal
Toward three-dimensional DNA industrial nanorobots
Random Close Packing is least random in 3D
...
are the top articles of Paul M Chaikin at New York University.
What are Paul M Chaikin's research interests?
The research interests of Paul M Chaikin are: soft condensed matter physics
What is Paul M Chaikin's total number of citations?
Paul M Chaikin has 46,583 citations in total.
What are the co-authors of Paul M Chaikin?
The co-authors of Paul M Chaikin are David J Pine.