Rafael Lozano

University of Washington

H-index: 114

North America-United States

About Rafael Lozano

Rafael Lozano, With an exceptional h-index of 114 and a recent h-index of 92 (since 2020), a distinguished researcher at University of Washington, specializes in the field of Health Metrics, Global Health, Burden of Disease, Latin America, Mexico.

His recent articles reflect a diverse array of research interests and contributions to the field:

Global incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 371 diseases and injuries in …

Global burden of 288 causes of death and life expectancy decomposition in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the …

Global age-sex-specific mortality, life expectancy, and population estimates in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1950–2021, and the impact of the …

A gender-based and quasi-experimental study of the catastrophic and impoverishing health-care expenditures in Mexican households with elderly members, 2000-2020

Burden, Incidence, Mortality and Lethality of Maternal Disorders in Mexico 1990-2019: An Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

The burden of disease, injuries, and risk factors in Mexico: 1990-2021 update

La carga de la enfermedad, lesiones y factores de riesgo en México. Actualización del período 1990-2021

Rafael Lozano Information

University	University of Washington
Position	Professor Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Citations(all)	232985
Citations(since 2020)	133054
Cited By	141246
hIndex(all)	114
hIndex(since 2020)	92
i10Index(all)	254
i10Index(since 2020)	185
Email	Access Email
University Profile Page	University of Washington

Rafael Lozano Skills & Research Interests

Health Metrics

Global Health

Burden of Disease

Latin America

Mexico

Authors

Luisa S Flor,Joseph Friedman,Cory N Spencer,John Cagney,Alejandra Arrieta,Molly E Herbert,Caroline Stein,Erin C Mullany,Julia Hon,Vedavati Patwardhan,Ryan M Barber,James K Collins,Simon I Hay,Stephen S Lim,Rafael Lozano,Ali H Mokdad,Christopher JL Murray,Robert C Reiner,Reed JD Sorensen,Annie Haakenstad,David M Pigott,Emmanuela Gakidou

Published Date

2022/6/25

BackgroundGender is emerging as a significant factor in the social, economic, and health effects of COVID-19. However, most existing studies have focused on its direct impact on health. Here, we aimed to explore the indirect effects of COVID-19 on gender disparities globally.MethodsWe reviewed publicly available datasets with information on indicators related to vaccine hesitancy and uptake, health care services, economic and work-related concerns, education, and safety at home and in the community. We used mixed effects regression, Gaussian process regression, and bootstrapping to synthesise all data sources. We accounted for uncertainty in the underlying data and modelling process. We then used mixed effects logistic regression to explore gender gaps globally and by region.FindingsBetween March, 2020, and September, 2021, women were more likely to report employment loss (26·0% [95 …

Global, regional, and national sex differences in the global burden of tuberculosis by HIV status, 1990–2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Authors

Jorge R Ledesma,Jianing Ma,Avina Vongpradith,Emilie R Maddison,Amanda Novotney,Molly H Biehl,Kate E LeGrand,Jennifer M Ross,Deepa Jahagirdar,Dana Bryazka,Rachel Feldman,Hassan Abolhassani,Akine Eshete Abosetugn,Eman Abu-Gharbieh,Oladimeji M Adebayo,Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani,Saira Afzal,Bright Opoku Ahinkorah,Sajjad Ahmad Ahmad,Sepideh Ahmadi,Tarik Ahmed Rashid,Yusra Ahmed Salih,Addis Aklilu,Chisom Joyqueenet Akunna,Hanadi Al Hamad,Fares Alahdab,Yosef Alemayehu,Kefyalew Addis Alene,Beriwan Abdulqadir Ali,Liaqat Ali,Vahid Alipour,Hesam Alizade,Rajaa M Al-Raddadi,Nelson Alvis-Guzman,Saeed Amini,Arianna Maever L Amit,Jason A Anderson,Sofia Androudi,Carl Abelardo T Antonio,Catherine M Antony,Razique Anwer,Jalal Arabloo,Asrat Arja,Mulusew A Asemahagn,Sachin R Atre,Gulrez Shah Azhar,BB Darshan,Atif Amin Baig,Maciej Banach,Hiba Jawdat Barqawi,Fabio Barra,Amadou Barrow,Sanjay Basu,Uzma Iqbal Belgaumi,Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula,Nikha Bhardwaj,Pankaj Bhardwaj,Natalia V Bhattacharjee,Krittika Bhattacharyya,Ali Bijani,Boris Bikbov,Archith Boloor,Nikolay Ivanovich Briko,Danilo Buonsenso,Sharath Burugina Nagaraja,Zahid A Butt,Austin Carter,Felix Carvalho,Jaykaran Charan,Souranshu Chatterjee,Soosanna Kumary Chattu,Vijay Kumar Chattu,Devasahayam J Christopher,Dinh-Toi Chu,Mareli M Claassens,Omid Dadras,Amare Belachew Dagnew,Xiaochen Dai,Lalit Dandona,Rakhi Dandona,Parnaz Daneshpajouhnejad,Aso Mohammad Darwesh,Deepak Dhamnetiya,Mostafa Dianatinasab,Daniel Diaz,Linh Phuong Doan,Sahar Eftekharzadeh,Muhammed Elhadi,Amir Emami,Shymaa Enany,Jose A Faraon,Farshad Farzadfar,Eduarda Fernandes,Lorenzo Ferro Desideri,Irina Filip,Florian Fischer,Masoud Foroutan,Tahvi D Frank,Alberto L Garcia-Basteiro,Christian Garcia-Calavaro,Tushar Garg,Biniyam Sahiledengle Geberemariyam,Keyghobad Ghadiri,Ahmad Ghashghaee,Mahaveer Golechha,Amador Goodridge,Bhawna Gupta,Sapna Gupta,Veer Bala Gupta,Vivek Kumar Gupta,Mohammad Rifat Haider,Samer Hamidi,Asif Hanif,Shafiul Haque,Harapan Harapan,Arief Hargono,Ahmed I Hasaballah,Abdiwahab Hashi,Shoaib Hassan,Hadi Hassankhani,Khezar Hayat,Kamal Hezam,Ramesh Holla,Mehdi Hosseinzadeh,Mihaela Hostiuc,Mowafa Househ,Rabia Hussain,Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye,Irena M Ilic,Milena D Ilic,Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani,Nahlah Elkudssiah Ismail,Ramaiah Itumalla,Jalil Jaafari,Kathryn H Jacobsen,Vardhmaan Jain,Fatemeh Javanmardi,Sathish Kumar Jayapal,Shubha Jayaram,Ravi Prakash Jha,Jost B Jonas,Nitin Joseph,Farahnaz Joukar,Zubair Kabir,Ashwin Kamath,Tanuj Kanchan,Himal Kandel,Patrick DMC Katoto,Gbenga A Kayode,Parkes J Kendrick

Journal

The lancet infectious diseases

Published Date

2022/2/1

BackgroundTuberculosis is a major contributor to the global burden of disease, causing more than a million deaths annually. Given an emphasis on equity in access to diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in global health targets, evaluations of differences in tuberculosis burden by sex are crucial. We aimed to assess the levels and trends of the global burden of tuberculosis, with an emphasis on investigating differences in sex by HIV status for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019.MethodsWe used a Bayesian hierarchical Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) platform to analyse 21 505 site-years of vital registration data, 705 site-years of verbal autopsy data, 825 site-years of sample-based vital registration data, and 680 site-years of mortality surveillance data to estimate mortality due to tuberculosis among HIV-negative individuals. We used a population attributable fraction approach to estimate …

Estimated global proportions of individuals with persistent fatigue, cognitive, and respiratory symptom clusters following symptomatic COVID-19 in 2020 and 2021

Authors

Sarah Wulf Hanson,Cristiana Abbafati,Joachim G Aerts,Ziyad Al-Aly,Charlie Ashbaugh,Tala Ballouz,Oleg Blyuss,Polina Bobkova,Gouke Bonsel,Svetlana Borzakova,Danilo Buonsenso,Denis Butnaru,Austin Carter,Helen Chu,Cristina De Rose,Mohamed Mustafa Diab,Emil Ekbom,Maha El Tantawi,Victor Fomin,Robert Frithiof,Aysylu Gamirova,Petr V Glybochko,Juanita A Haagsma,Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard,Erin B Hamilton,Gabrielle Harris,Majanka H Heijenbrok-Kal,Raimund Helbok,Merel E Hellemons,David Hillus,Susanne M Huijts,Michael Hultström,Waasila Jassat,Florian Kurth,Marie Larsson,Miklós Lipcsey,Chelsea Liu,Callan D Loflin,Andrei Malinovschi,Wenhui Mao,Lyudmila Mazankova,Denise McCulloch,Dominik Menges,Noushin Mohammadifard,Daniel Munblit,Nikita A Nekliudov,Osondu Ogbuoji,Ismail M Osmanov,José L Peñalvo,Maria Skaalum Petersen,Milo A Puhan,Mujibur Rahman,Verena Rass,Nickolas Reinig,Gerard M Ribbers,Antonia Ricchiuto,Sten Rubertsson,Elmira Samitova,Nizal Sarrafzadegan,Anastasia Shikhaleva,Kyle E Simpson,Dario Sinatti,Joan B Soriano,Ekaterina Spiridonova,Fridolin Steinbeis,Andrey A Svistunov,Piero Valentini,Brittney J Van De Water,Rita Van den Berg-Emons,Ewa Wallin,Martin Witzenrath,Yifan Wu,Hanzhang Xu,Thomas Zoller,Christopher Adolph,James Albright,Joanne O Amlag,Aleksandr Y Aravkin,Bree L Bang-Jensen,Catherine Bisignano,Rachel Castellano,Emma Castro,Suman Chakrabarti,James K Collins,Xiaochen Dai,Farah Daoud,Carolyn Dapper,Amanda Deen,Bruce B Duncan,Megan Erickson,Samuel B Ewald,Alize J Ferrari,Abraham D Flaxman,Nancy Fullman,Amiran Gamkrelidze,John R Giles,Gaorui Guo,Simon I Hay,Jiawei He,Monika Helak,Erin N Hulland,Maia Kereselidze,Kris J Krohn,Alice Lazzar-Atwood,Akiaja Lindstrom,Rafael Lozano,Deborah Carvalho Malta,Johan Månsson,Ana M Mantilla Herrera,Ali H Mokdad,Lorenzo Monasta,Shuhei Nomura,Maja Pasovic,David M Pigott,Robert C Reiner,Grace Reinke,Antonio Luiz P Ribeiro,Damian Francesco Santomauro,Aleksei Sholokhov,Emma Elizabeth Spurlock,Rebecca Walcott,Ally Walker,Charles Shey Wiysonge,Peng Zheng,Janet Prvu Bettger,Christopher JL Murray,Theo Vos,Global Burden of Disease Long COVID Collaborators

Journal

Jama

Published Date

2022/10/25

ImportanceSome individuals experience persistent symptoms after initial symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection (often referred to as Long COVID).ObjectiveTo estimate the proportion of males and females with COVID-19, younger or older than 20 years of age, who had Long COVID symptoms in 2020 and 2021 and their Long COVID symptom duration.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsBayesian meta-regression and pooling of 54 studies and 2 medical record databases with data for 1.2 million individuals (from 22 countries) who had symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. Of the 54 studies, 44 were published and 10 were collaborating cohorts (conducted in Austria, the Faroe Islands, Germany, Iran, Italy, the Netherlands, Russia, Sweden, Switzerland, and the US). The participant data were derived from the 44 published studies (10 501 hospitalized individuals and 42 891 nonhospitalized individuals), the 10 …

Measuring the availability of human resources for health and its relationship to universal health coverage for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019: a systematic …

Authors

Annie Haakenstad,Caleb Mackay Salpeter Irvine,Megan Knight,Corinne Bintz,Aleksandr Y Aravkin,Peng Zheng,Vin Gupta,Michael RM Abrigo,Abdelrahman I Abushouk,Oladimeji M Adebayo,Gina Agarwal,Fares Alahdab,Ziyad Al-Aly,Khurshid Alam,Turki M Alanzi,Jacqueline Elizabeth Alcalde-Rabanal,Vahid Alipour,Nelson Alvis-Guzman,Arianna Maever L Amit,Catalina Liliana Andrei,Tudorel Andrei,Carl Abelardo T Antonio,Jalal Arabloo,Olatunde Aremu,Martin Amogre Ayanore,Maciej Banach,Till Winfried Bärnighausen,Celine M Barthelemy,Mohsen Bayati,Habib Benzian,Adam E Berman,Kelly Bienhoff,Ali Bijani,Boris Bikbov,Antonio Biondi,Archith Boloor,Reinhard Busse,Zahid A Butt,Luis Alberto Cámera,Ismael R Campos-Nonato,Rosario Cárdenas,Felix Carvalho,Collins Chansa,Soosanna Kumary Chattu,Vijay Kumar Chattu,Dinh-Toi Chu,Xiaochen Dai,Lalit Dandona,Rakhi Dandona,William James Dangel,Ahmad Daryani,Jan-Walter De Neve,Meghnath Dhimal,Isaac Oluwafemi Dipeolu,Shirin Djalalinia,Hoa Thi Do,Chirag P Doshi,Leila Doshmangir,Elham Ehsani-Chimeh,Maha El Tantawi,Eduarda Fernandes,Florian Fischer,Nataliya A Foigt,Artem Alekseevich Fomenkov,Masoud Foroutan,Takeshi Fukumoto,Nancy Fullman,Mohamed M Gad,Keyghobad Ghadiri,Mansour Ghafourifard,Ahmad Ghashghaee,Thomas Glucksman,Houman Goudarzi,Rajat Das Gupta,Randah R Hamadeh,Samer Hamidi,Josep Maria Haro,Edris Hasanpoor,Simon I Hay,Mohamed I Hegazy,Behzad Heibati,Nathaniel J Henry,Michael K Hole,Naznin Hossain,Mowafa Househ,Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi,Mohammad-Hasan Imani-Nasab,Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani,Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam,Mohammad Ali Jahani,Ankur Joshi,Rohollah Kalhor,Gbenga A Kayode,Nauman Khalid,Khaled Khatab,Adnan Kisa,Sonali Kochhar,Kewal Krishan,Barthelemy Kuate Defo,Dharmesh Kumar Lal,Faris Hasan Lami,Anders O Larsson,Janet L Leasher,Kate E LeGrand,Lee-Ling Lim,Narayan B Mahotra,Azeem Majeed,Afshin Maleki,Narayana Manjunatha,Benjamin Ballard Massenburg,Tomislav Mestrovic,GK Mini,Andreea Mirica,Erkin M Mirrakhimov,Yousef Mohammad,Shafiu Mohammed,Ali H Mokdad,Shane Douglas Morrison,Mohsen Naghavi,Duduzile Edith Ndwandwe,Ionut Negoi,Ruxandra Irina Negoi,Josephine W Ngunjiri,Cuong Tat Nguyen,Yeshambel T Nigatu,Obinna E Onwujekwe,Doris V Ortega-Altamirano,Nikita Otstavnov,Stanislav S Otstavnov,Mayowa O Owolabi,Abhijit P Pakhare,Veincent Christian Filipino Pepito,Norberto Perico,Hai Quang Pham,David M Pigott,Khem Narayan Pokhrel,Mohammad Rabiee,Navid Rabiee,Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar,David Laith Rawaf,Salman Rawaf,Lal Rawal,Giuseppe Remuzzi,Andre MN Renzaho,Serge Resnikoff,Nima Rezaei,Aziz Rezapour,Jennifer Rickard,Leonardo Roever,Maitreyi Sahu

Journal

The Lancet

Published Date

2022/6/4

BackgroundHuman resources for health (HRH) include a range of occupations that aim to promote or improve human health. The UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the WHO Health Workforce 2030 strategy have drawn attention to the importance of HRH for achieving policy priorities such as universal health coverage (UHC). Although previous research has found substantial global disparities in HRH, the absence of comparable cross-national estimates of existing workforces has hindered efforts to quantify workforce requirements to meet health system goals. We aimed to use comparable and standardised data sources to estimate HRH densities globally, and to examine the relationship between a subset of HRH cadres and UHC effective coverage performance.MethodsThrough the International Labour Organization and Global Health Data Exchange databases, we identified 1404 country-years of …

Variation in the COVID-19 infection-fatality ratio by age, time, and geography during the pre-vaccine era: A systematic analysis

Authors

RJD Sorensen,RM Barber,DM Pigott,Austin Carter,CN Spencer,SM Ostroff,RC Reiner,Cristiana Abbafati,Christopher Adolph,Adrien Allorant,JO Amlag,Ay Aravkin,Sd Bachmeier,Bl Bang-Jensen,Catherine Bisignano,Ss Bloom,Rachel Castellano,Emma Castro,Jk Collins,Haley Comfort,Xc Dai,Wj Dangel,Carolyn Dapper,Amanda Deen,Lucas Earl,Megan Erickson,Sb Ewald,Aj Ferrari,Ad Flaxman,Jj Frostad,Nancy Fullman,Amiran Gamkrelidze,Jr Giles,Gr Guo,He Jw,Monika Helak,En Hulland,Bm Huntley,Maia Kereselidze,Alice Lazzar-Atwood,Ke Legrand,Akiaja Lindstrom,Emily Linebarger,Rafael Lozano,Beatrice Magistro,Dc Malta,Johan Mansson,Amm Herrera,Fatima Marinho,Ah Mirkuzie,Ah Mokdad,Lorenzo Monasta,Mohsen Naghavi,Hasan Nassereldine,Shuhei Nomura,Cm Odell,Lt Olana,Maja Pasovic,Sa Pease,Louise Penberthy,Grace Reinke,Alp Ribeiro,Df Santomauro,Aleksei Sholokhov,Natia Skhvitaridze,Ee Spurlock,Ruri Syailendrawati,Roman Topor-Madry,Vo At,Theo Vos,Rebecca Walcott,Ally Walker,Stefanie Watson,Cs Wiysonge,Na Worku,Peng Zheng,Si Hay,Emmanuela Gakidou,Cjl Murray

Journal

The Lancet

Published Date

2022

Background The infection-fatality ratio (IFR) is a metric that quantifies the likelihood of an individual dying once infected with a pathogen. Understanding the determinants of IFR variation for COVID-19, the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has direct implications for mitigation efforts with respect to clinical practice, non-pharmaceutical interventions, and the prioritisation of risk groups for targeted vaccine delivery. The IFR is also a crucial parameter in COVID-19 dynamic transmission models, providing a way to convert a population's mortality rate into an estimate of infections. Methods We estimated age-specific and all-age IFR by matching seroprevalence surveys to total COVID-19 mortality rates in a population. The term total COVID-19 mortality refers to an estimate of the total number of deaths directly attributable to COVID-19. After applying exclusion criteria to 5131 seroprevalence surveys, the IFR analyses were informed by 2073 all-age surveys and 718 age-specific surveys (3012 age-specific observations). When seroprevalence was reported by age group, we split total COVID-19 mortality into corresponding age groups using a Bayesian hierarchical model to characterise the non-linear age pattern of reported deaths for a given location. To remove the impact of vaccines on the estimated IFR age pattern, we excluded age-specific observations of seroprevalence and deaths that occurred after vaccines were introduced in a location. We estimated age-specific IFR with a non-linear meta-regression and used the resulting age pattern to standardise all-age IFR observations to the global age distribution. All IFR observations were adjusted …

Burden of diabetes and hyperglycaemia in adults in the Americas, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Authors

Ewerton Cousin,Maria Inês Schmidt,Kanyin Liane Ong,Rafael Lozano,Ashkan Afshin,Abdelrahman I Abushouk,Gina Agarwal,Marcela Agudelo-Botero,Ziyad Al-Aly,Jacqueline Elizabeth Alcalde-Rabanal,Nelson Alvis-Guzman,Nelson J Alvis-Zakzuk,Benny Antony,Malke Asaad,Till Winfried Bärnighausen,Sanjay Basu,Isabela M Bensenor,Zahid A Butt,Ismael R Campos-Nonato,Vijay Kumar Chattu,Michael H Criqui,Parnaz Daneshpajouhnejad,Claudio Alberto Dávila-Cervantes,Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez,Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne,Daniel Diaz,Irina Filip,Mohamed M Gad,MA Garcia-Gordillo,Shakiba Ghasemi Assl,Sameer Vali Gopalani,Rafael Alves Guimarães,Rajat Das Gupta,Nima Hafezi-Nejad,Maryam Hashemian,Simon I Hay,Tanvir Kahlon,Jagdish Khubchandani,Ruth W Kimokoti,Adnan Kisa,Barthelemy Kuate Defo,Iván Landires,Ted R Miller,Ali H Mokdad,Linda Morales,Shane Douglas Morrison,Yeshambel T Nigatu,Virginia Nuñez-Samudio,Andrew T Olagunju,Seithikurippu R Pandi-Perumal,Urvish K Patel,Amir Radfar,Maria Rios-Blancas,Leonardo Roever,Seyedmohammad Saadatagah,Juan Sanabria,Itamar S Santos,Thirunavukkarasu Sathish,Mahsima Shabani,Omid Shafaat,Sara Sheikhbahaei,Diego Augusto Santos Silva,Ambrish Singh,Jasvinder A Singh,Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone,Diana Zuleika Velazquez,Siddhesh Zadey,Mohsen Naghavi,Theo Vos,Bruce B Duncan

Journal

The lancet Diabetes & endocrinology

Published Date

2022/9/1

BackgroundHigh prevalence of diabetes has been reported in the Americas, but no comprehensive analysis of diabetes burden and related factors for the region is available. We aimed to describe the burden of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and that of hyperglycaemia in the Americas from 1990 to 2019.MethodsWe used estimates from GBD 2019 to evaluate the burden of diabetes in adults aged 20 years or older and high fasting plasma glucose in adults aged 25 years or older in the 39 countries and territories of the six regions in the Americas from 1990 to 2019. The main source to estimate the mortality attributable to diabetes and to chronic kidney disease due to diabetes was vital registration. Mortality due to overall diabetes (ie, diabetes and diabetes due to chronic kidney disease) was estimated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model. Years of life lost (YLLs) were calculated as the number of deaths multiplied …

A global systematic analysis of the occurrence, severity, and recovery pattern of long COVID in 2020 and 2021

Authors

Sarah Wulf Hanson,Cristiana Abbafati,Joachim G Aerts,Ziyad Al-Aly,Charlie Ashbaugh,Tala Ballouz,Oleg Blyuss,Polina Bobkova,Gouke Bonsel,Svetlana Borzakova,Danilo Buonsenso,Denis Butnaru,Austin Carter,Helen Chu,Cristina De Rose,Mohamed Mustafa Diab,Emil Ekbom,Maha El Tantawi,Victor Fomin,Robert Frithiof,Aysylu Gamirova,Petr V Glybochko,Juanita A Haagsma,Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard,Erin B Hamilton,Gabrielle Harris,Majanka H Heijenbrok-Kal,Raimund Helbok,Merel E Hellemons,David Hillus,Susanne M Huijts,Michael Hultström,Waasila Jassat,Florian Kurth,Marie Larsson,Miklós Lipcsey,Chelsea Liu,Callan D Loflin,Andrei Malinovschi,Wenhui Mao,Lyudmila Mazankova,Denise McCulloch,Dominik Menges,Noushin Mohammadifard,Daniel Munblit,Nikita A Nekliudov,Osondu Ogbuoji,Ismail M Osmanov,José L Peñalvo,Maria Skaalum Petersen,Milo A Puhan,Mujibur Rahman,Verena Rass,Nickolas Reinig,Gerard M Ribbers,Antonia Ricchiuto,Sten Rubertsson,Elmira Samitova,Nizal Sarrafzadegan,Anastasia Shikhaleva,Kyle E Simpson,Dario Sinatti,Joan B Soriano,Ekaterina Spiridonova,Fridolin Steinbeis,Andrey A Svistunov,Piero Valentini,Brittney J van de Water,Rita van den Berg-Emons,Ewa Wallin,Martin Witzenrath,Yifan Wu,Hanzhang Xu,Thomas Zoller,Christopher Adolph,James Albright,Joanne O Amlag,Aleksandr Y Aravkin,Bree L Bang-Jensen,Catherine Bisignano,Rachel Castellano,Emma Castro,Suman Chakrabarti,James K Collins,Xiaochen Dai,Farah Daoud,Carolyn Dapper,Amanda Deen,Bruce B Duncan,Megan Erickson,Samuel B Ewald,Alize J Ferrari,Abraham D Flaxman,Nancy Fullman,Amiran Gamkrelidze,John R Giles,Gaorui Guo,Simon I Hay,Jiawei He,Monika Helak,Erin N Hulland,Maia Kereselidze,Kris J Krohn,Alice Lazzar-Atwood,Akiaja Lindstrom,Rafael Lozano,Beatrice Magistro,Deborah Carvalho Malta,Johan Månsson,Ana M Mantilla Herrera,Ali H Mokdad,Lorenzo Monasta,Shuhei Nomura,Maja Pasovic,David M Pigott,Robert C Reiner Jr,Grace Reinke,Antonio Luiz P Ribeiro,Damian Francesco Santomauro,Aleksei Sholokhov,Emma Elizabeth Spurlock,Rebecca Walcott,Ally Walker,Charles Shey Wiysonge,Peng Zheng,Janet Prvu Bettger,Christopher JL Murray,Theo Vos

Journal

MedRxiv

Published Date

2022/5/27

Objective:To estimate by country and territory of the number of patients affected by long COVID in 2020 and 2021, the severity of their symptoms and expected pattern of recoveryDesign:We jointly analyzed ten ongoing cohort studies in ten countries for the occurrence of three major symptom clusters of long COVID among representative COVID cases. The defining symptoms of the three clusters (fatigue, cognitive problems, and shortness of breath) are explicitly mentioned in the WHO clinical case definition. For incidence of long COVID, we adopted the minimum duration after infection of three months from the WHO case definition. We pooled data from the contributing studies, two large medical record databases in the United States, and findings from 44 published studies using a Bayesian meta-regression tool. We separately estimated occurrence and pattern of recovery in patients with milder acute infections and …

Measuring contraceptive method mix, prevalence, and demand satisfied by age and marital status in 204 countries and territories, 1970–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global …

Authors

Annie Haakenstad,Olivia Angelino,Caleb MS Irvine,Zulfiqar A Bhutta,Kelly Bienhoff,Corinne Bintz,Kate Causey,M Ashworth Dirac,Nancy Fullman,Emmanuela Gakidou,Thomas Glucksman,Simon I Hay,Nathaniel J Henry,Ira Martopullo,Ali H Mokdad,John Everett Mumford,Stephen S Lim,Christopher JL Murray,Rafael Lozano

Journal

The Lancet

Published Date

2022/7/23

BackgroundMeeting the contraceptive needs of women of reproductive age is beneficial for the health of women and children, and the economic and social empowerment of women. Higher rates of contraceptive coverage have been linked to the availability of a more diverse range of contraceptive methods. We present estimates of the contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR), modern contraceptive prevalence rate (mCPR), demand satisfied, and the method of contraception used for both partnered and unpartnered women for 5-year age groups in 204 countries and territories between 1970 and 2019.MethodsWe used 1162 population-based surveys capturing contraceptive use among women between 1970 and 2019, in which women of reproductive age (15–49 years) self-reported their, or their partner's, current use of contraception for family planning purposes. Spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression was used …

Population-level risks of alcohol consumption by amount, geography, age, sex, and year: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2020

Authors

Dana Bryazka,Marissa B Reitsma,Max G Griswold,Kalkidan Hassen Abate,Cristiana Abbafati,Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari,Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari,Amir Abdoli,Mohammad Abdollahi,Abu Yousuf Md Abdullah,ES Abhilash,Eman Abu-Gharbieh,Juan Manuel Acuna,Giovanni Addolorato,Oladimeji M Adebayo,Victor Adekanmbi,Kishor Adhikari,Sangeet Adhikari,Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani,Saira Afzal,Wubetu Yimam Agegnehu,Manik Aggarwal,Bright Opoku Ahinkorah,Araz Ramazan Ahmad,Sajjad Ahmad,Tauseef Ahmad,Ali Ahmadi,Sepideh Ahmadi,Haroon Ahmed,Tarik Ahmed Rashid,Chisom Joyqueenet Akunna,Hanadi Al Hamad,Md Zakiul Alam,Dejene Tsegaye Alem,Kefyalew Addis Alene,Yousef Alimohamadi,Atiyeh Alizadeh,Kasim Allel,Jordi Alonso,Saba Alvand,Nelson Alvis-Guzman,Firehiwot Amare,Edward Kwabena Ameyaw,Sohrab Amiri,Robert Ancuceanu,Jason A Anderson,Catalina Liliana Andrei,Tudorel Andrei,Jalal Arabloo,Muhammad Arshad,Anton A Artamonov,Zahra Aryan,Malke Asaad,Mulusew A Asemahagn,Thomas Astell-Burt,Seyyed Shamsadin Athari,Desta Debalkie Atnafu,Prince Atorkey,Alok Atreya,Floriane Ausloos,Marcel Ausloos,Getinet Ayano,Martin Amogre ayanore Ayanore,Olatunde O Ayinde,Jose L Ayuso-Mateos,Sina Azadnajafabad,Melkalem Mamuye Azanaw,Mohammadreza Azangou-Khyavy,Amirhossein Azari Jafari,Ahmed Y Azzam,Ashish D Badiye,Nasser Bagheri,Sara Bagherieh,Mohan Bairwa,Shankar M Bakkannavar,Ravleen Kaur Bakshi,Awraris Hailu Balchut,Till Winfried Bärnighausen,Fabio Barra,Amadou Barrow,Pritish Baskaran,Luis Belo,Derrick A Bennett,Isabela M Benseñor,Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula,Neeraj Bhala,Ashish Bhalla,Nikha Bhardwaj,Pankaj Bhardwaj,Sonu Bhaskar,Krittika Bhattacharyya,Vijayalakshmi S Bhojaraja,Bagas Suryo Bintoro,Elena A Elena Blokhina,Belay Boda Abule Bodicha,Archith Boloor,Cristina Bosetti,Dejana Braithwaite,Hermann Brenner,Nikolay Ivanovich Briko,Andre R Brunoni,Zahid A Butt,Chao Cao,Yin Cao,Rosario Cárdenas,Andre F Carvalho,Márcia Carvalho,Joao Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia,Giulio Castelpietra,Luis FS Castro-de-Araujo,Maria Sofia Cattaruzza,Promit Ananyo Chakraborty,Jaykaran Charan,Vijay Kumar Chattu,Akhilanand Chaurasia,Nicolas Cherbuin,Dinh-Toi Chu,Nandita Chudal,Sheng-Chia Chung,Chuchu Churko,Liliana G Ciobanu,Massimo Cirillo,Rafael M Claro,Simona Costanzo,Richard G Cowden,Michael H Criqui,Natália Cruz-Martins,Garland T Culbreth,Berihun Assefa Dachew,Omid Dadras,Xiaochen Dai,Giovanni Damiani,Lalit Dandona,Rakhi Dandona,Beniam Darge Daniel,Anna Danielewicz,Jiregna Darega Gela,Kairat Davletov,Jacyra Azevedo Paiva de Araujo,Antonio Reis de Sá-Junior,Sisay Abebe Debela,Azizallah Dehghan,Andreas K Demetriades,Meseret Derbew Molla,Rupak Desai,Abebaw Alemayehu Desta,Diana Dias da Silva,Daniel Diaz,Lankamo Ena Digesa,Mengistie Diress

Journal

The Lancet

Published Date

2022/7/16

BackgroundThe health risks associated with moderate alcohol consumption continue to be debated. Small amounts of alcohol might lower the risk of some health outcomes but increase the risk of others, suggesting that the overall risk depends, in part, on background disease rates, which vary by region, age, sex, and year.MethodsFor this analysis, we constructed burden-weighted dose–response relative risk curves across 22 health outcomes to estimate the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL) and non-drinker equivalence (NDE), the consumption level at which the health risk is equivalent to that of a non-drinker, using disease rates from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2020 for 21 regions, including 204 countries and territories, by 5-year age group, sex, and year for individuals aged 15–95 years and older from 1990 to 2020. Based on the NDE, we quantified the …

Assessing performance of the Healthcare Access and Quality Index, overall and by select age groups, for 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis from the …

Authors

Annie Haakenstad,Jamal Akeem Yearwood,Nancy Fullman,Corinne Bintz,Kelly Bienhoff,Marcia R Weaver,Vishnu Nandakumar,Jonah N Joffe,Kate E LeGrand,Megan Knight,Cristiana Abbafati,Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari,Amir Abdoli,Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga,Isaac Akinkunmi Adedeji,Victor Adekanmbi,Olatunji O Adetokunboh,Muhammad Sohail Afzal,Saira Afzal,Marcela Agudelo-Botero,Bright Opoku Ahinkorah,Sajjad Ahmad,Ali Ahmadi,Sepideh Ahmadi,Ali Ahmed,Tarik Ahmed Rashid,Budi Aji,Wuraola Akande-Sholabi,Khurshid Alam,Hanadi Al Hamad,Robert Kaba Alhassan,Liaqat Ali,Vahid Alipour,Syed Mohamed Aljunid,Edward Kwabena Ameyaw,Tarek Tawfik Amin,Hubert Amu,Dickson A Amugsi,Robert Ancuceanu,Pedro Prata Andrade,Afifa Anjum,Jalal Arabloo,Morteza Arab-Zozani,Hany Ariffin,Judie Arulappan,Zahra Aryan,Tahira Ashraf,Desta Debalkie Atnafu,Alok Atreya,Marcel Ausloos,Leticia Avila-Burgos,Getinet Ayano,Martin Amogre Ayanore,Samad Azari,Ashish D Badiye,Atif Amin Baig,Mohan Bairwa,Shankar M Bakkannavar,Shrikala Baliga,Palash Chandra Banik,Till Winfried Bärnighausen,Fabio Barra,Amadou Barrow,Sanjay Basu,Mohsen Bayati,Rebuma Belete,Arielle Wilder Bell,Devidas S Bhagat,Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula,Pankaj Bhardwaj,Nikha Bhardwaj,Sonu Bhaskar,Krittika Bhattacharyya,Zulfiqar A Bhutta,Sadia Bibi,Ali Bijani,Boris Bikbov,Antonio Biondi,Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa,Aime Bonny,Hermann Brenner,Danilo Buonsenso,Katrin Burkart,Reinhard Busse,Zahid A Butt,Nadeem Shafique Butt,Florentino Luciano Caetano dos Santos,Lucero Cahuana-Hurtado,Luis Alberto Cámera,Rosario Cárdenas,Vera LA Carneiro,Ferrán Catalá-López,Joht Singh Chandan,Jaykaran Charan,Prachi P Chavan,Simiao Chen,Shu Chen,Sonali Gajanan Choudhari,Enayet Karim Chowdhury,Mohiuddin Ahsanul Kabir Chowdhury,Massimo Cirillo,Barbara Corso,Omid Dadras,Saad MA Dahlawi,Xiaochen Dai,Lalit Dandona,Rakhi Dandona,William James Dangel,Claudio Alberto Dávila-Cervantes,Kairat Davletov,Keshab Deuba,Meghnath Dhimal,Mandira Lamichhane Dhimal,Shirin Djalalinia,Huyen Phuc Do,Leila Doshmangir,Bruce B Duncan,Andem Effiong,Elham Ehsani-Chimeh,Islam Y Elgendy,Muhammed Elhadi,Iman El Sayed,Maha El Tantawi,Daniel Asfaw Erku,Sharareh Eskandarieh,Jawad Fares,Farshad Farzadfar,Simone Ferrero,Lorenzo Ferro Desideri,Florian Fischer,Nataliya A Foigt,Masoud Foroutan,Takeshi Fukumoto,Peter Andras Gaal,Santosh Gaihre,William M Gardner,Tushar Garg,Abera Getachew Obsa,Mansour Ghafourifard,Ahmad Ghashghaee,Nermin Ghith,Syed Amir Gilani,Paramjit Singh Gill,Salime Goharinezhad,Mahaveer Golechha,Jenny S Guadamuz,Yuming Guo,Rajat Das Gupta,Rajeev Gupta,Vivek Kumar Gupta

Journal

The Lancet global health

Published Date

2022/12/1

BackgroundHealth-care needs change throughout the life course. It is thus crucial to assess whether health systems provide access to quality health care for all ages. Drawing from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019), we measured the Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) Index overall and for select age groups in 204 locations from 1990 to 2019.MethodsWe distinguished the overall HAQ Index (ages 0–74 years) from scores for select age groups: the young (ages 0–14 years), working (ages 15–64 years), and post-working (ages 65–74 years) groups. For GBD 2019, HAQ Index construction methods were updated to use the arithmetic mean of scaled mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs) and risk-standardised death rates (RSDRs) for 32 causes of death that should not occur in the presence of timely, quality health care. Across locations and years, MIRs and RSDRs were …

Estimating excess mortality due to the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic analysis of COVID-19-related mortality, 2020–21

Authors

Haidong Wang,Katherine R Paulson,Spencer A Pease,Stefanie Watson,Haley Comfort,Peng Zheng,Aleksandr Y Aravkin,Catherine Bisignano,Ryan M Barber,Tahiya Alam,John E Fuller,Erin A May,Darwin Phan Jones,Meghan E Frisch,Cristiana Abbafati,Christopher Adolph,Adrien Allorant,Joanne O Amlag,Bree Bang-Jensen,Gregory J Bertolacci,Sabina S Bloom,Austin Carter,Emma Castro,Suman Chakrabarti,Jhilik Chattopadhyay,Rebecca M Cogen,James K Collins,Kimberly Cooperrider,Xiaochen Dai,William James Dangel,Farah Daoud,Carolyn Dapper,Amanda Deen,Bruce B Duncan,Megan Erickson,Samuel B Ewald,Tatiana Fedosseeva,Alize J Ferrari,Joseph Jon Frostad,Nancy Fullman,John Gallagher,Amiran Gamkrelidze,Gaorui Guo,Jiawei He,Monika Helak,Nathaniel J Henry,Erin N Hulland,Bethany M Huntley,Maia Kereselidze,Alice Lazzar-Atwood,Kate E LeGrand,Akiaja Lindstrom,Emily Linebarger,Paulo A Lotufo,Rafael Lozano,Beatrice Magistro,Deborah Carvalho Malta,Johan Månsson,Ana M Mantilla Herrera,Fatima Marinho,Alemnesh H Mirkuzie,Awoke Temesgen Misganaw,Lorenzo Monasta,Paulami Naik,Shuhei Nomura,Edward G O'Brien,James Kevin O'Halloran,Latera Tesfaye Olana,Samuel M Ostroff,Louise Penberthy,Robert C Reiner Jr,Grace Reinke,Antonio Luiz P Ribeiro,Damian Francesco Santomauro,Maria Inês Schmidt,David H Shaw,Brittney S Sheena,Aleksei Sholokhov,Natia Skhvitaridze,Reed JD Sorensen,Emma Elizabeth Spurlock,Ruri Syailendrawati,Roman Topor-Madry,Christopher E Troeger,Rebecca Walcott,Ally Walker,Charles Shey Wiysonge,Nahom Alemseged Worku,Bethany Zigler,David M Pigott,Mohsen Naghavi,Ali H Mokdad,Stephen S Lim,Simon I Hay,Emmanuela Gakidou,Christopher JL Murray

Journal

The Lancet

Published Date

2022/4/16

BackgroundMortality statistics are fundamental to public health decision making. Mortality varies by time and location, and its measurement is affected by well known biases that have been exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper aims to estimate excess mortality from the COVID-19 pandemic in 191 countries and territories, and 252 subnational units for selected countries, from Jan 1, 2020, to Dec 31, 2021.MethodsAll-cause mortality reports were collected for 74 countries and territories and 266 subnational locations (including 31 locations in low-income and middle-income countries) that had reported either weekly or monthly deaths from all causes during the pandemic in 2020 and 2021, and for up to 11 year previously. In addition, we obtained excess mortality data for 12 states in India. Excess mortality over time was calculated as observed mortality, after excluding data from periods affected by …

Policy and technical considerations for implementing a risk-based approach to international travel in the context of COVID-19

Authors

Spencer L James,Degu Abate,Kalkidan Hassen Abate,Solomon M Abay,Cristiana Abbafati,Nooshin Abbasi,Hedayat Abbastabar,Foad Abd-Allah,Jemal Abdela,Ahmed Abdelalim,Ibrahim Abdollahpour,Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader,Zegeye Abebe,Semaw Ferede Abera,Olifan Zewdie Abil,Haftom Niguse Abraha,Laith Jamal Abu-Raddad,Niveen ME Abu-Rmeileh,Manfred Mario Kokou Accrombessi,Dilaram Acharya,Pawan Acharya,Ilana N Ackerman,Abdu Abdullahi Adamu,Oladimeji M Adebayo,Victor Adekanmbi,Olatunji O Adetokunboh,Mina G Adib,Josef C Adsuar,Kossivi Agbelenko Afanvi,Mohsen Afarideh,Ashkan Afshin,Gina Agarwal,Kareha M Agesa,Rakesh Aggarwal,Sargis Aghasi Aghayan,Sutapa Agrawal,Alireza Ahmadi,Mehdi Ahmadi,Hamid Ahmadieh,Muktar Beshir Ahmed,Amani Nidhal Aichour,Ibtihel Aichour,Miloud Taki Eddine Aichour,Tomi Akinyemiju,Nadia Akseer,Ziyad Al-Aly,Ayman Al-Eyadhy,Hesham M Al-Mekhlafi,Rajaa M Al-Raddadi,Fares Alahdab,Khurshid Alam,Tahiya Alam,Alaa Alashi,Seyed Moayed Alavian,Kefyalew Addis Alene,Mehran Alijanzadeh,Reza Alizadeh-Navaei,Syed Mohamed Aljunid,Ala'a Alkerwi,François Francois Alla,Peter Allebeck,Mohamed ML Alouani,Khalid A Altirkawi,Nelson Alvis-Guzman,Azmeraw T Amare,Leopold N Aminde,Walid Ammar,Yaw Ampem Amoako,Nahla Hamed Anber,Catalina Liliana Andrei,Sofia Androudi,Megbaru Debalkie Animut,Mina Anjomshoa,Mustafa Geleto Ansha,Carl Abelardo TAT Antonio,Palwasha Anwari,Jalal Arabloo,Antonio Arauz,Olatunde Aremu,Filippo Ariani,Bahram Armoon,Johan Ärnlöv,Amit Arora,Al Artaman,Krishna Kumar Aryal,Hamid Asayesh,Rana Jawad Asghar,Zerihun Ataro,Sachin R Atre,Marcel Ausloos,Leticia Avila-Burgos,Euripide Frinel G Arthur FGA Avokpaho,Ashish Awasthi,Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla,Rakesh Ayer,Peter S Azzopardi,Arefeh Babazadeh,Hamid Badali,Alaa Badawi,Ayele Geleto Bali,Katherine E Ballesteros,Shoshana H Ballew,Maciej Banach,Joseph Adel Mattar Banoub,Amrit Banstola,Aleksandra Barac,Miguel A Barboza,Suzanne Lyn Barker-Collo,Till Winfried Bärnighausen,Lope H Barrero,Bernhard T Baune,Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi,Neeraj Bedi,Ettore Beghi,Meysam Masoud Behzadifar,Yannick Béjot,Abate Bekele Belachew,Yihalem Abebe Belay,Michelle L Bell,Aminu K Bello,Isabela M Bensenor,Eduardo Bernabe,Robert S Bernstein,Mircea Beuran,Tina Beyranvand,Neeraj Bhala,Suraj Bhattarai,Soumyadeep Soumyadeeep Bhaumik,Zulfiqar A Bhutta,Belete Biadgo,Ali Bijani,Boris Bikbov,Ver Bilano,Nigus Bililign,Muhammad Shahdaat Bin Sayeed,Donal Bisanzio,Brigette F Blacker,Fiona M Blyth,Ibrahim R Bou-Orm,Soufiane Boufous,Rupert RA Bourne,Oliver J Brady,Michael Brainin,Luisa C Brant,Alexandra Brazinova,Nicholas JK Breitborde,Hermann Brenner,Paul Svitil Briant,Adam DM Andrew M Briggs,Andrey Nikolaevich Briko

Journal

The Lancet

Published Date

2021

BACKGROUND The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017 (GBD 2017) includes a comprehensive assessment of incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) for 354 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2017. Previous GBD studies have shown how the decline of mortality rates from 1990 to 2016 has led to an increase in life expectancy, an ageing global population, and an expansion of the non-fatal burden of disease and injury. These studies have also shown how a substantial portion of the world's population experiences non-fatal health loss with considerable heterogeneity among different causes, locations, ages, and sexes. Ongoing objectives of the GBD study include increasing the level of estimation detail, improving analytical strategies, and increasing the amount of high-quality data. METHODS We estimated incidence and prevalence for 354 diseases and injuries and 3484 sequelae. We used an updated and extensive body of literature studies, survey data, surveillance data, inpatient admission records, outpatient visit records, and health insurance claims, and additionally used results from cause of death models to inform estimates using a total of 68 781 data sources. Newly available clinical data from India, Iran, Japan, Jordan, Nepal, China, Brazil, Norway, and Italy were incorporated, as well as updated claims data from the USA and new claims data from Taiwan (province of China) and Singapore. We used DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool, as the main method of estimation, ensuring consistency between rates of incidence, prevalence, remission, and cause …

Global, regional, and national progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 for neonatal and child health: all-cause and cause-specific mortality findings from the Global …

Authors

Katherine R Paulson,Aruna M Kamath,Tahiya Alam,Kelly Bienhoff,Gdiom Gebreheat Abady,Jaffar Abbas,Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari,Hedayat Abbastabar,Foad Abd-Allah,Sherief M Abd-Elsalam,Amir Abdoli,Aidin Abedi,Hassan Abolhassani,Lucas Guimarães Abreu,Eman Abu-Gharbieh,Niveen ME Abu-Rmeileh,Abdelrahman I Abushouk,Aishatu L Adamu,Oladimeji M Adebayo,Adeyinka Emmanuel Adegbosin,Victor Adekanmbi,Olatunji O Adetokunboh,Daniel Adedayo Adeyinka,Jose C Adsuar,Khashayar Afshari,Mohammad Aghaali,Marcela Agudelo-Botero,Bright Opoku Ahinkorah,Tauseef Ahmad,Keivan Ahmadi,Muktar Beshir Ahmed,Budi Aji,Yonas Akalu,Oluwaseun Oladapo Akinyemi,Addis Aklilu,Ziyad Al-Aly,Khurshid Alam,Fahad Mashhour Alanezi,Turki M Alanzi,Jacqueline Elizabeth Alcalde-Rabanal,Ayman Al-Eyadhy,Tilahun Ali,Gianfranco Alicandro,Sheikh Mohammad Alif,Vahid Alipour,Hesam Alizade,Syed Mohamed Aljunid,Amir Almasi-Hashiani,Nihad A Almasri,Hesham M Al-Mekhlafi,Jordi Alonso,Rajaa M Al-Raddadi,Khalid A Altirkawi,Arwa Khalid Alumran,Nelson Alvis-Guzman,Nelson J Alvis-Zakzuk,Edward Kwabena Ameyaw,Saeed Amini,Mostafa Amini-Rarani,Arianna Maever L Amit,Dickson A Amugsi,Robert Ancuceanu,Deanna Anderlini,Catalina Liliana Andrei,Fereshteh Ansari,Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam,Carl Abelardo T Antonio,Ernoiz Antriyandarti,Davood Anvari,Razique Anwer,Muhammad Aqeel,Jalal Arabloo,Morteza Arab-Zozani,Timur Aripov,Johan Ärnlöv,Kurnia Dwi Artanti,Afsaneh Arzani,Malke Asaad,Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi,Ali A Asadi-Pooya,Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi,Seyyed Shamsadin Athari,Seyyede Masoume Athari,Desta Debalkie Atnafu,Alok Atreya,Madhu Sudhan Atteraya,Marcel Ausloos,Asma Tahir Awan,Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla,Getinet Ayano,Martin Amogre Ayanore,Yared Asmare Aynalem,Samad Azari,Ghasem Azarian,Zelalem Nigussie Azene,BB Darshan,Ebrahim Babaee,Ashish D Badiye,Atif Amin Baig,Maciej Banach,Palash Chandra Banik,Suzanne Lyn Barker-Collo,Hiba Jawdat Barqawi,Quique Bassat,Sanjay Basu,Bernhard T Baune,Mohsen Bayati,Neeraj Bedi,Ettore Beghi,Massimiliano Beghi,Michelle L Bell,Salaheddine Bendak,Derrick A Bennett,Isabela M Bensenor,Kidanemaryam Berhe,Adam E Berman,Yihienew Mequanint Bezabih,Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula,Dinesh Bhandari,Nikha Bhardwaj,Pankaj Bhardwaj,Krittika Bhattacharyya,Suraj Bhattarai,Zulfiqar A Bhutta,Boris Bikbov,Antonio Biondi,Binyam Minuye Birihane,Raaj Kishore Biswas,Somayeh Bohlouli,Nicola Luigi Bragazzi,Alexey V Breusov,Andre R Brunoni,Katrin Burkart,Sharath Burugina Nagaraja,Reinhard Busse,Zahid A Butt,Florentino Luciano Caetano Dos Santos,Lucero Cahuana-Hurtado,Paulo Camargos,Luis Alberto Camera,Rosario Cardenas,Giulia Carreras,Juan J Carrero,Felix Carvalho,Joao Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia,Carlos A Castaneda-Orjuela,Giulio Castelpietra,Ester Cerin,Jung-Chen Chang,Wagaye Fentahun Chanie

Journal

The Lancet

Published Date

2021/9/4

BackgroundSustainable Development Goal 3.2 has targeted elimination of preventable child mortality, reduction of neonatal death to less than 12 per 1000 livebirths, and reduction of death of children younger than 5 years to less than 25 per 1000 livebirths, for each country by 2030. To understand current rates, recent trends, and potential trajectories of child mortality for the next decade, we present the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 findings for all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality in children younger than 5 years of age, with multiple scenarios for child mortality in 2030 that include the consideration of potential effects of COVID-19, and a novel framework for quantifying optimal child survival.MethodsWe completed all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality analyses from 204 countries and territories for detailed age groups separately, with aggregated …

Variation in health care access and quality among US states and high-income countries with universal health insurance coverage

Authors

Marcia R Weaver,Vishnu Nandakumar,Jonah Joffe,Ryan M Barber,Nancy Fullman,Arjun Singh,Gianna W Sparks,Jamal Yearwood,Rafael Lozano,Christopher JL Murray,Diana Ngo

Journal

JAMA Network Open

Published Date

2021/6/1

ImportanceBased on mortality estimates for 32 causes of death that are amenable to health care, the US health care system did not perform as well as other high-income countries, scoring 88.7 out of 100 on the 2016 age-standardized Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) index.ObjectiveTo compare US age-specific HAQ scores with those of high-income countries with universal health insurance coverage and compare scores among US states with varying insurance coverage.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study used 2016 Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factor study results for cause-specific mortality with adjustments for behavioral and environmental risks to estimate the age-specific HAQ indices. The US national age-specific HAQ scores were compared with high-income peers (Canada, western Europe, high-income Asia Pacific countries, and Australasia) in 1990, 2000 …

¿ Cuál será la primera causa de muerte en México en 2020?

Authors

Rafael Lozano,María Jesús Ríos-Blancas

Journal

Boletín sobre COVID-19

Published Date

2021

Con los datos disponibles hasta el momento, no es posible responder si COVID-19 será la primera causa de muerte en México, pero intuitivamente todo parece apuntar que sí lo será a nivel nacional y en la mayoría de las entidades federativas. Mucho depende de la forma de presentar la lista de las principales causas y de los métodos empleados para mejorar la calidad de los registros, pero lo más importante es haber cerrado la estadística de defunciones de 2020. Por lo regular, este procedimiento le toma al INEGI de 10 a 11 meses a partir de que se cierra el año calendario y posiblemente no cambie mucho la duración del procesamiento de registros, a pesar de que 2020 no es un año como los otros. Aunque no se trata de un ejercicio ortodoxo–ya que existe un desfase temporal en la ocurrencia de las defunciones-, los resultados pueden dar una idea del orden de importancia del COVID-19 a nivel nacional y por entidad federativa de acuerdo a su frecuencia. Cabe destacar que un análisis de las causas principales es solo un punto de partida en el análisis general del perfil de mortalidad de un país. Los trastornos demográficos ocasionados por la pandemia obligan a realizar innumerables análisis complementarios. Habrá que responder preguntas sobre el efecto en la esperanza de vida y conocer cuál será el exceso de muertes provocados por la pandemia durante 2020.

Integrated Measurement for Early Detection (MIDO) as a digital strategy for timely assessment of non-communicable disease profiles and factors associated with unawareness and …

Authors

Héctor Gallardo-Rincón,Alejandra Montoya,Rodrigo Saucedo-Martínez,Ricardo Mújica-Rosales,Lorena Suárez-Idueta,Luis Alberto Martínez-Juárez,Christian Razo,Rafael Lozano,Roberto Tapia-Conyer

Journal

BMJ open

Published Date

2021/9/1

ObjectivesThe Carlos Slim Foundation implemented the Integrated Measurement for Early Detection (MIDO), a screening strategy for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Mexico as part of CASALUD, a portfolio of digital health services focusing on healthcare delivery and prevention/management of NCDs. We investigated the disease profile of the screened population and evaluated MIDO’s contribution to the continuum of care of the main NCDs.DesignUsing data from MIDO and the chronic diseases information system, we quantified the proportion of the population screened and diagnosed with NCDs, and measured care linkage/retention and level of control achieved. We analysed comorbidity patterns and estimated prevalence of predisease stages. Finally, we estimated characteristics associated with unawareness and control of NCDs, and examined efficacy of the CASALUD model in improving NCD control …

Vaccination coverage estimation in Mexico in children under five years old: Trends and associated factors

Authors

Maria Jesus Rios-Blancas,Hector Lamadrid-Figueroa,Miguel Betancourt-Cravioto,Rafael Lozano

Journal

Plos one

Published Date

2021/4/16

Authors

Angela E Micah,Ian E Cogswell,Brandon Cunningham,Satoshi Ezoe,Anton C Harle,Emilie R Maddison,Darrah McCracken,Shuhei Nomura,Kyle E Simpson,Hayley N Stutzman,Golsum Tsakalos,Lindsey E Wallace,Yingxi Zhao,Rahul R Zende,Cristiana Abbafati,Michael Abdelmasseh,Aidin Abedi,Kedir Hussein Abegaz,ES Abhilash,Hassan Abolhassani,Michael RM Abrigo,Tara Ballav Adhikari,Saira Afzal,Bright Opoku Ahinkorah,Sepideh Ahmadi,Haroon Ahmed,Muktar Beshir Ahmed,Tarik Ahmed Rashid,Marjan Ajami,Budi Aji,Yonas Akalu,Chisom Joyqueenet Akunna,Hanadi Al Hamad,Khurshid Alam,Fahad Mashhour Alanezi,Turki M Alanzi,Yosef Alemayehu,Robert Kaba Alhassan,Cyrus Alinia,Syed Mohamed Aljunid,Sami Almustanyir Almustanyir,Nelson Alvis-Guzman,Nelson J Alvis-Zakzuk,Saeed Amini,Mostafa Amini-Rarani,Hubert Amu,Robert Ancuceanu,Catalina Liliana Andrei,Tudorel Andrei,Blake Angell,Mina Anjomshoa,Carl Abelardo T Antonio,Catherine M Antony,Muhammad Aqeel,Jalal Arabloo,Morteza Arab-Zozani,Timur Aripov,Alessandro Arrigo,Tahira Ashraf,Desta Debalkie Atnafu,Marcel Ausloos,Leticia Avila-Burgos,Asma Tahir Awan,Getinet Ayano,Martin Amogre Ayanore,Samad Azari,Gulrez Shah Azhar,Tesleem Kayode Babalola,Mohammad Amin Bahrami,Atif Amin Baig,Maciej Banach,Nastaran Barati,Till Winfried Bärnighausen,Amadou Barrow,Sanjay Basu,Bernhard T Baune,Mohsen Bayati,Habib Benzian,Adam E Berman,Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula,Nikha Bhardwaj,Pankaj Bhardwaj,Sonu Bhaskar,Sadia Bibi,Ali Bijani,Virginia Bodolica,Nicola Luigi Bragazzi,Dejana Braithwaite,Nicholas JK Breitborde,Alexey V Breusov,Nikolay Ivanovich Briko,Reinhard Busse,Lucero Cahuana-Hurtado,Emily Joy Callander,Luis Alberto Cámera,Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela,Ferrán Catalá-López,Jaykaran Charan,Souranshu Chatterjee,Soosanna Kumary Chattu,Vijay Kumar Chattu,Simiao Chen,Arrigo Francesco Giuseppe Cicero,Omid Dadras,Saad MA Dahlawi,Xiaochen Dai,Koustuv Dalal,Lalit Dandona,Rakhi Dandona,Dragos Virgil Davitoiu,Jan-Walter De Neve,Antonio Reis de Sá-Junior,Edgar Denova-Gutierrez,Deepak Dhamnetiya,Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne,Leila Doshmangir,John Dube,Elham Ehsani-Chimeh,Maysaa El Sayed Zaki,Maha El Tantawi,Sharareh Eskandarieh,Farshad Farzadfar,Tomas Y Ferede,Florian Fischer,Nataliya A Foigt,Alberto Freitas,Sara D Friedman,Takeshi Fukumoto,Nancy Fullman,Peter Andras Gaal,Mohamed M Gad,MA Garcia-Gordillo,Tushar Garg,Mansour Ghafourifard,Ahmad Ghashghaee,Asadollah Gholamian,Ali Gholamrezanezhad,Ghozali Ghozali,Syed Amir Gilani,Ionela-Roxana Glăvan,Ekaterina Vladimirovna Glushkova,Salime Goharinezhad,Mahaveer Golechha,Srinivas Goli,Avirup Guha,Veer Bala Gupta,Vivek Kumar Gupta,Annie Haakenstad,Mohammad Rifat Haider,Alemayehu Hailu

Published Date

2021/10/9

Background The rapid spread of COVID-19 renewed the focus on how health systems across the globe are financed, especially during public health emergencies. Development assistance is an important source of health financing in many low-income countries, yet little is known about how much of this funding was disbursed for COVID-19. We aimed to put development assistance for health for COVID-19 in the context of broader trends in global health financing, and to estimate total health spending from 1995 to 2050 and development assistance for COVID-19 in 2020. Methods We estimated domestic health spending and development assistance for health to generate total health-sector spending estimates for 204 countries and territories. We leveraged data from the WHO Global Health Expenditure Database to produce estimates of domestic health spending. To generate estimates for development assistance for …

Regional and state-level patterns of type 2 diabetes prevalence in Mexico over the last three decades

Authors

Jacqueline A Seiglie,Roxana Rodriguez Franco,Veronika J Wirtz,James B Meigs,Miguel Angel Mendoza,J Jaime Miranda,Héctor Gómez-Dantés,Rafael Lozano,Deborah J Wexler,Edson Serván-Mori

Journal

Diabetes research and clinical practice

Published Date

2021/7/1

AimsWe aimed to characterize and illustrate the regional and state-level change in type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevalence in Mexico between 1990 and 2017.MethodsWe conducted an ecological and secondary analysis using data from the Global Burden of Disease study on T2D prevalence of the adult Mexican population. We estimated the absolute increase and annual growth rate of T2D prevalence between 1990 and 2017, stratified by age group and region.ResultsNationally, between 1990 and 2017, the prevalence of T2D in Mexico increased from 9.5% to 14.3%. The highest increase in T2D prevalence was observed in the East and Southcentral regions, with the lowest absolute change in T2D prevalence observed in Northern states. The highest average annual growth rate in T2D prevalence was observed in Southern Mexico, in the three Southern states with the lowest human development index, and among …

Monitoring the progress of health-related sustainable development goals (SDGs) in Brazilian states using the Global Burden of Disease indicators

Authors

Daiane Borges Machado,Júlia Moreira Pescarini,Dandara Ramos,Renato Teixeira,Rafael Lozano,Vinicius Oliveira de Moura Pereira,Cimar Azeredo,Rômulo Paes-Sousa,Deborah Carvalho Malta,Mauricio L Barreto

Journal

Population health metrics

Published Date

2020/9

Background Measuring the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) has been the key to verifying the evolution of health indicators worldwide. We analyse subnational GBD data for Brazil in order to monitor the performance of the Brazilian states in the last 28 years on their progress towards meeting the health-related SDGs. Methods As part of the GBD study, we assessed the 41 health-related indicators from the SDGs in Brazil at the subnational level for all the 26 Brazilian states and the Federal District from 1990 to 2017. The GBD group has rescaled all worldwide indicators from 0 to 100, assuming that for each one of them, the worst value among all countries and overtime is 0, and the best is 100. They also estimate the overall health-related SDG index as a function of all previously estimated health indicators and the SDI index (Socio-Demographic Index) as …

Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global …

Authors

Rafael Lozano,Nancy Fullman,John Everett Mumford,Megan Knight,Celine M Barthelemy,Cristiana Abbafati,Hedayat Abbastabar,Foad Abd-Allah,Mohammad Abdollahi,Aidin Abedi,Hassan Abolhassani,Akine Eshete Abosetugn,Lucas Guimarães Abreu,Michael RM Abrigo,Abdulaziz Khalid Abu Haimed,Abdelrahman I Abushouk,Maryam Adabi,Oladimeji M Adebayo,Victor Adekanmbi,Jaimie Adelson,Olatunji O Adetokunboh,Davoud Adham,Shailesh M Advani,Ashkan Afshin,Gina Agarwal,Pradyumna Agasthi,Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir,Anurag Agrawal,Tauseef Ahmad,Rufus Olusola Akinyemi,Fares Alahdab,Ziyad Al-Aly,Khurshid Alam,Samuel B Albertson,Yihun Mulugeta Alemu,Robert Kaba Alhassan,Muhammad Ali,Saqib Ali,Vahid Alipour,Syed Mohamed Aljunid,François Alla,Majid Abdulrahman Hamad Almadi,Ali Almasi,Amir Almasi-Hashiani,Nihad A Almasri,Hesham M Al-Mekhlafi,Abdulaziz M Almulhim,Jordi Alonso,Rajaa M Al-Raddadi,Khalid A Altirkawi,Nelson Alvis-Guzman,Nelson J Alvis-Zakzuk,Saeed Amini,Mostafa Amini-Rarani,Fatemeh Amiri,Arianna Maever L Amit,Dickson A Amugsi,Robert Ancuceanu,Deanna Anderlini,Catalina Liliana Andrei,Sofia Androudi,Fereshteh Ansari,Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam,Carl Abelardo T Antonio,Catherine M Antony,Ernoiz Antriyandarti,Davood Anvari,Razique Anwer,Jalal Arabloo,Morteza Arab-Zozani,Aleksandr Y Aravkin,Olatunde Aremu,Johan Ärnlöv,Malke Asaad,Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi,Ali A Asadi-Pooya,Charlie Ashbaugh,Seyyed Shamsadin Athari,Maha Moh'd Wahbi Atout,Marcel Ausloos,Leticia Avila-Burgos,Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla,Getinet Ayano,Martin Amogre Ayanore,Yared Asmare Aynalem,Getie Lake Aynalem,Muluken Altaye Ayza,Samad Azari,Peter S Azzopardi,BB Darshan,Ebrahim Babaee,Ashish D Badiye,Mohammad Amin Bahrami,Atif Amin Baig,Mohammad Hossein Bakhshaei,Ahad Bakhtiari,Shankar M Bakkannavar,Arun Balachandran,Shelly Balassyano,Maciej Banach,Srikanta K Banerjee,Palash Chandra Banik,Agegnehu Bante Bante,Simachew Animen Bante,Suzanne Lyn Barker-Collo,Till Winfried Bärnighausen,Lope H Barrero,Quique Bassat,Sanjay Basu,Bernhard T Baune,Mohsen Bayati,Bayisa Abdissa Baye,Neeraj Bedi,Ettore Beghi,Masoud Behzadifar,Tariku Tesfaye Tesfaye Bekuma,Michelle L Bell,Isabela M Bensenor,Adam E Berman,Eduardo Bernabe,Robert S Bernstein,Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula,Dinesh Bhandari,Pankaj Bhardwaj,Anusha Ganapati Bhat,Krittika Bhattacharyya,Suraj Bhattarai,Zulfiqar A Bhutta,Ali Bijani,Boris Bikbov,Ver Bilano,Antonio Biondi,Binyam Minuye Birihane,Moses John Bockarie,Somayeh Bohlouli,Hunduma Amensisa Bojia,Srinivasa Rao Rao Bolla,Archith Boloor,Oliver J Brady,Dejana Braithwaite,Paul Svitil Briant,Andrew M Briggs,Nikolay Ivanovich Briko,Sharath Burugina Nagaraja,Reinhard Busse,Zahid A Butt,Florentino Luciano Caetano dos Santos,Lucero Cahuana-Hurtado,Luis Alberto Cámera,Rosario Cárdenas

Journal

The Lancet

Published Date

2020/10/17

Authors

Samira Asma,Rafael Lozano,Somnath Chatterji,Soumya Swaminathan,Maria de Fátima Marinho,Naoko Yamamoto,Elena Varavikova,Awoke Misganaw,Michael Ryan,Lalit Dandona,Ren Minghui,Christopher JL Murray

Published Date

2020/1/18

BackgroundThe UN General Assembly launched the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in September, 2015. 1 The origi nal global SDG framework included 17 goals, 169 targets, and 232 unique indicators. 2 Of these, 12 goals, 33 targets, and 57 indicators have been identified as healthrelated SDGs (HRSDGs), 3–6 that is, pertaining to health outcomes, health services, and wellestablished environ mental, occu pa tional, behavioural, and metabolic risks. The scope of health in the SDGs is much broader than in the Millennium Development Goals, spanning from maternal and child health and infectious diseases to noncommunicable dis eases, injuries, risk factors, and healthsystem functions. Regular monitoring of the HRSDGs is important for fostering a shared notion of accountability for results, identifying important gaps in resources and rates of pro gress, and taking into account emerging challenges that …

Five insights from the global burden of disease study 2019

Authors

Christopher JL Murray,Cristiana Abbafati,Kaja M Abbas,Mohammad Abbasi,Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari,Foad Abd-Allah,Mohammad Abdollahi,Parisa Abedi,Aidin Abedi,Hassan Abolhassani,Victor Aboyans,Lucas Guimarães Abreu,Michael RM Abrigo,Eman Abu-Gharbieh,Abdulaziz Khalid Abu Haimed,Abdelrahman I Abushouk,Alyssa Acebedo,Ilana N Ackerman,Maryam Adabi,Abdu A Adamu,Oladimeji M Adebayo,Jaimie D Adelson,Olatunji O Adetokunboh,Mohsen Afarideh,Ashkan Afshin,Gina Agarwal,Anurag Agrawal,Tauseef Ahmad,Keivan Ahmadi,Mehdi Ahmadi,Muktar Beshir Ahmed,Budi Aji,Tomi Akinyemiju,Blessing Akombi,Fares Alahdab,Khurshid Alam,Fahad Mashhour Alanezi,Turki M Alanzi,Samuel B Albertson,Biresaw Wassihun Alemu,Yihun Mulugeta Alemu,Khalid F Alhabib,Muhammad Ali,Saqib Ali,Gianfranco Alicandro,Vahid Alipour,Hesam Alizade,Syed Mohamed Aljunid,François Alla,Peter Allebeck,Majid Abdulrahman Hamad Almadi,Amir Almasi-Hashiani,Hesham M Al-Mekhlafi,Abdulaziz M Almulhim,Jordi Alonso,Rajaa M Al-Raddadi,Khalid A Altirkawi,Nelson Alvis-Guzman,Bekalu Amare,Azmeraw T Amare,Saeed Amini,Arianna Maever L Amit,Dickson A Amugsi,Etsay Woldu Anbesu,Robert Ancuceanu,Deanna Anderlini,Jason A Anderson,Tudorel Andrei,Catalina Liliana Andrei,Mina Anjomshoa,Fereshteh Ansari,Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam,Carl Abelardo T Antonio,Catherine M Antony,Davood Anvari,Seth Christopher Yaw Appiah,Jalal Arabloo,Morteza Arab-Zozani,Aleksandr Y Aravkin,Aseb Arba Kinfe Arba,Timur Aripov,Johan Ärnlöv,Oluwaseyi Olalekan Arowosegbe,Malke Asaad,Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi,Ali A Asadi-Pooya,Charlie Ashbaugh,Michael Assmus,Maha Moh'd Wahbi Atout,Marcel Ausloos,Floriane Ausloos,Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla,Getinet Ayano,Martin Amogre Ayanore,Samad Azari,Zelalem Nigussie Azene,BB Darshan,Ebrahim Babaee,Alaa Badawi,Ashish D Badiye,Mojtaba Bagherzadeh,Mohan Bairwa,Ahad Bakhtiari,Shankar M Bakkannavar,Arun Balachandran,Maciej Banach,Srikanta K Banerjee,Palash Chandra Banik,Adhanom Gebreegziabher Baraki,Suzanne Lyn Barker-Collo,Huda Basaleem,Sanjay Basu,Bernhard T Baune,Mohsen Bayati,Bayisa Abdissa Baye,Neeraj Bedi,Ettore Beghi,Michellr L Bell,Isabela M Bensenor,Kidanemaryam Berhe,Adam E Berman,Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula,Neeraj Bhala,Pankaj Bhardwaj,Krittika Bhattacharyya,Suraj Bhattarai,Zulfiqar A Bhutta,Ali Bijani,Boris Bikbov,Antonio Biondi,Catherine Bisignano,Raaj Kishore Biswas,Tone Bjørge,Somayeh Bohlouli,Mehdi Bohluli,Srinivasa Rao Rao Bolla,Archith Boloor,Dipan Bose,Soufiane Boufous,Oliver J Brady,Dejana Braithwaite,Michael Brauer,Nicholas JK Breitborde,Hermann Brenner,Alexey V Breusov,Paul Svitil Briant,Andrew M Briggs,Gabrielle B Britton,Traolach Brugha,Sharath Burugina Nagaraja

Published Date

2020/10/17

The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 provides a rules-based synthesis of the available evidence on levels and trends in health outcomes, a diverse set of risk factors, and health system responses. GBD 2019 covered 204 countries and territories, as well as first administrative level disaggregations for 22 countries, from 1990 to 2019. Because GBD is highly standardised and comprehensive, spanning both fatal and non-fatal outcomes, and uses a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of hierarchical disease and injury causes, the study provides a powerful basis for detailed and broad insights on global health trends and emerging challenges. GBD 2019 incorporates data from 281 586 sources and provides more than 3·5 billion estimates of health outcome and health system measures of interest for global, national, and subnational policy dialogue. All GBD …

Health sector spending and spending on HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria, and development assistance for health: progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 3

Authors

Angela E Micah,Yanfang Su,Steven D Bachmeier,Abigail Chapin,Ian E Cogswell,Sawyer W Crosby,Brandon Cunningham,Anton C Harle,Emilie R Maddison,Modhurima Moitra,Maitreyi Sahu,Matthew T Schneider,Kyle E Simpson,Hayley N Stutzman,Golsum Tsakalos,Rahul R Zende,Bianca S Zlavog,Cristiana Abbafati,Zeleke Hailemariam Abebo,Hassan Abolhassani,Michael RM Abrigo,Muktar Beshir Ahmed,Rufus Olusola Akinyemi,Khurshid Alam,Saqib Ali,Cyrus Alinia,Vahid Alipour,Syed Mohamed Aljunid,Ali Almasi,Nelson Alvis-Guzman,Robert Ancuceanu,Tudorel Andrei,Catalina Liliana Andrei,Mina Anjomshoa,Carl Abelardo T Antonio,Jalal Arabloo,Morteza Arab-Zozani,Olatunde Aremu,Desta Debalkie Atnafu,Marcel Ausloos,Leticia Avila-Burgos,Martin Amogre Ayanore,Samad Azari,Tesleem Kayode Babalola,Mojtaba Bagherzadeh,Atif Amin Baig,Ahad Bakhtiari,Maciej Banach,Srikanta K Banerjee,Till Winfried Bärnighausen,Sanjay Basu,Bernhard T Baune,Mohsen Bayati,Adam E Berman,Reshmi Bhageerathy,Pankaj Bhardwaj,Mehdi Bohluli,Reinhard Busse,Lucero Cahuana-Hurtado,Luis LA Alberto Cámera,Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela,Ferrán Catalá-López,Muge Cevik,Vijay Kumar Chattu,Lalit Dandona,Rakhi Dandona,Mostafa Dianatinasab,Hoa Thi Do,Leila Doshmangir,Maha El Tantawi,Sharareh Eskandarieh,Firooz Esmaeilzadeh,Anwar Faraj,Farshad Farzadfar,Florian Fischer,Nataliya A Foigt,Nancy Fullman,Mohamed M Gad,Mansour Ghafourifard,Ahmad Ghashghaee,Asadollah Gholamian,Salime Goharinezhad,Ayman Grada,Hassan Haghparast Bidgoli,Samer Hamidi,Hilda L Harb,Edris Hasanpoor,Simon I Hay,Delia Hendrie,Nathaniel J Henry,Claudiu Herteliu,Michael K Hole,Mehdi Hosseinzadeh,Sorin Hostiuc,Tanvir M Huda,Ayesha Humayun,Bing-Fang Hwang,Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi,Usman Iqbal,Seyed Sina N Irvani,Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam,M Mofizul Islam,Mohammad Ali Jahani,Mihajlo Jakovljevic,Spencer L James,Zohre Javaheri,Jost B Jonas,Farahnaz Joukar,Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak,Mikk Jürisson,Rohollah Kalhor,Behzad Karami Matin,Salah Eddin Karimi,Gbenga A Kayode,Ali Kazemi Karyani,Yohannes Kinfu,Adnan Kisa,Stefan Kohler,Hamidreza Komaki,Soewarta Kosen,Anirudh Kotlo,Ai Koyanagi,G Anil Kumar,Dian Kusuma,Van C Lansingh,Anders O Larsson,Savita Lasrado,Shaun Wen Huey Lee,Lee-Ling Lim,Rafael Lozano,Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek,Mokhtar Mahdavi Mahdavi,Shokofeh Maleki,Reza Malekzadeh,Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei,Mohammad Ali Mansournia,Lorenzo Giovanni Mantovani,Gabriel Martinez,Seyedeh Zahra Masoumi,Benjamin Ballard Massenburg,Ritesh G Menezes,Endalkachew Worku Mengesha,Tuomo J Meretoja,Atte Meretoja,Tomislav Mestrovic,Neda Milevska Kostova,Ted R Miller,Andreea Mirica,Erkin M Mirrakhimov,Masoud Moghadaszadeh

Journal

The Lancet

Published Date

2020/9/5

Summary Background Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3 aims to" ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages". While a substantial effort has been made to quantify progress towards SDG3, less research has focused on tracking spending towards this goal. We used spending estimates to measure progress in financing the priority areas of SDG3, examine the association between outcomes and financing, and identify where resource gains are most needed to achieve the SDG3 indicators for which data are available. Methods We estimated domestic health spending, disaggregated by source (government, out-of-pocket, and prepaid private) from 1995 to 2017 for 195 countries and territories. For disease-specific health spending, we estimated spending for HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis for 135 low-income and middle-income countries, and malaria in 106 malaria-endemic countries, from 2000 to …

Global, regional, and national sepsis incidence and mortality, 1990–2017: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study

Authors

Kristina E Rudd,Sarah Charlotte Johnson,Kareha M Agesa,Katya Anne Shackelford,Derrick Tsoi,Daniel Rhodes Kievlan,Danny V Colombara,Kevin S Ikuta,Niranjan Kissoon,Simon Finfer,Carolin Fleischmann-Struzek,Flavia R Machado,Konrad K Reinhart,Kathryn Rowan,Christopher W Seymour,R Scott Watson,T Eoin West,Fatima Marinho,Simon I Hay,Rafael Lozano,Alan D Lopez,Derek C Angus,Christopher JL Murray,Mohsen Naghavi

Journal

The Lancet

Published Date

2020/1/18

BackgroundSepsis is life-threatening organ dysfunction due to a dysregulated host response to infection. It is considered a major cause of health loss, but data for the global burden of sepsis are limited. As a syndrome caused by underlying infection, sepsis is not part of standard Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) estimates. Accurate estimates are important to inform and monitor health policy interventions, allocation of resources, and clinical treatment initiatives. We estimated the global, regional, and national incidence of sepsis and mortality from this disorder using data from GBD 2017.MethodsWe used multiple cause-of-death data from 109 million individual death records to calculate mortality related to sepsis among each of the 282 underlying causes of death in GBD 2017. The percentage of sepsis-related deaths by underlying GBD cause in each location worldwide was …

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