EUSO-Offline: A comprehensive simulation and analysis framework

Astroparticle physics

Abstract The Extreme Universe Space Observatory on a Super Pressure Balloon 1 (EUSO-SPB1) was launched in 2017 April from Wanaka, New Zealand. The plan of this mission of opportunity on a NASA super pressure balloon test flight was to circle the southern hemisphere. The primary scientific goal was to make the first observations of ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray extensive air showers (EASs) by looking down on the atmosphere with an ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence telescope from suborbital altitude (33 km). After 12 days and 4 h aloft, the flight was terminated prematurely in the Pacific Ocean. Before the flight, the instrument was tested extensively in the West Desert of Utah, USA, with UV point sources and lasers. The test results indicated that the instrument had sensitivity to EASs of⪆ 3 EeV. Simulations of the telescope system, telescope on time, and realized flight trajectory predicted an observation of about …

XVIII International Conference on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics

The NUSES space mission - NASA/ADS Now on home page ads icon ads Enable full ADS view NASA/ADS The NUSES space mission Aloisio, R. ; Altomare, A. ; Barbato, B. ; Battiston, B. ; Bertania, B. ; Bissaldi, B. ; Boncioli, B. ; Burmistrov, B. ; Cagnoli, C. ; Casolino, C. ; Cummings, A. ; D'Ambrosio, N. ; de Mitri, I. ; De Robertis, G. ; de Santis, C. ; di Giovanni, A. ; di Salvo, A. ; di Santo, M. ; di Venere, L. ; Eser, J. ; Fernandez Alonso, M. ; Fontanella, G. ; Fusco, P. ; Garbolino, S. ; Gargano, F. ; Giampaolo, G. ; Giliberti, M. ; Guarino, F. ; Heller, M. ; Iuppa, R. ; Krizmanic, J. ; Lega, A. ; Licciulli, F. ; Loparco, L. ; Lorusso, L. ; Mariotti, M. ; Mazziotta, N. ; Mese, M. ; Miyamoto, H. ; Montaruli, T. ; Nagai, A. ; Nicolaidis, R. ; Nozzoli, N. ; Olinto, A. ; Orlandi, D. ; Osteria, G. ; Palmieri, P. ; Panico, B. ; Panzarini, G. ; Parenti, A. and 22 more Abstract Publication: XVIII International Conference on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics …

We test the predictions of hadronic interaction models regarding the depth of maximum of air-shower profiles, , and ground-particle signals in water-Cherenkov detectors at 1000 m from the shower core, , using the data from the fluorescence and surface detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The test consists in fitting the measured two-dimensional (, ) distributions using templates for simulated air showers produced with hadronic interaction models EPOS-LHC, QGSJet II-04, Sibyll 2.3d and leaving the scales of predicted and the signals from hadronic component at ground as free fit parameters. The method relies on the assumption that the mass composition remains the same at all zenith angles, while the longitudinal shower development and attenuation of ground signal depend on the mass composition in a correlated way. The analysis was applied to 2239 events detected by both the fluorescence and surface detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory with energies between to eV and zenith angles below . We found, that within the assumptions of the method, the best description of the data is achieved if the predictions of the hadronic interaction models are shifted to deeper values and larger hadronic signals at all zenith angles. Given the magnitude of the shifts and the data sample size, the statistical significance of the improvement of data description using the modifications considered in the paper is larger than even for any linear combination of experimental systematic uncertainties.

Optica

The wind mission Aeolus of the European Space Agency was a groundbreaking achievement for Earth observation. Between 2018 and 2023, the space-borne lidar instrument ALADIN onboard the Aeolus satellite measured atmospheric wind profiles with global coverage, which contributed to improving the accuracy of numerical weather prediction. The precision of the wind observations, however, declined over the course of the mission due to a progressive loss of the atmospheric backscatter signal. The analysis of the root cause was supported by the Pierre Auger Observatory in Argentina whose fluorescence detector registered the ultraviolet laser pulses emitted from the instrument in space, thereby offering an estimation of the laser energy at the exit of the instrument for several days in 2019, 2020, and 2021. The reconstruction of the laser beam not only allowed for an independent assessment of the Aeolus …

arXiv preprint arXiv:2403.02470

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory relies on an array of photomultiplier tubes to detect Cherenkov light produced by charged particles in the South Pole ice. IceCube data analyses depend on an in-depth characterization of the glacial ice, and on novel approaches in event reconstruction that utilize fast approximations of photoelectron yields. Here, a more accurate model is derived for event reconstruction that better captures our current knowledge of ice optical properties. When evaluated on a Monte Carlo simulation set, the median angular resolution for in-ice particle showers improves by over a factor of three compared to a reconstruction based on a simplified model of the ice. The most substantial improvement is obtained when including effects of birefringence due to the polycrystalline structure of the ice. When evaluated on data classified as particle showers in the high-energy starting events sample, a significantly improved description of the events is observed.

Astroparticle physics

Abstract The Extreme Universe Space Observatory on a Super Pressure Balloon 1 (EUSO-SPB1) was launched in 2017 April from Wanaka, New Zealand. The plan of this mission of opportunity on a NASA super pressure balloon test flight was to circle the southern hemisphere. The primary scientific goal was to make the first observations of ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray extensive air showers (EASs) by looking down on the atmosphere with an ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence telescope from suborbital altitude (33 km). After 12 days and 4 h aloft, the flight was terminated prematurely in the Pacific Ocean. Before the flight, the instrument was tested extensively in the West Desert of Utah, USA, with UV point sources and lasers. The test results indicated that the instrument had sensitivity to EASs of⪆ 3 EeV. Simulations of the telescope system, telescope on time, and realized flight trajectory predicted an observation of about …

Metadata curation plays a pivotal role in advancing the machine-actionability of data, thereby facilitating the fulfillment of FAIR data principles. The KASCADE Cosmic-ray Data Centre (KCDC) has served as a repository for data generated by the high-energy astroparticle physics experiment KASCADE, along with several other research projects, since 2013. Additionally, it functions as an information platform in the field of high-energy astroparticle physics for both the astroparticle community and the general public. The platform provides users with a diverse set of digital objects. While some of them possess rich sets of metadata (including persistent identifiers such as DOIs and ISNIs), and allow machine access via REST API, efforts to integrate with the broader PUNCH4NFDI Data Portal underscore the necessity of a unified and comprehensive approach to curate a wider range of granted resources. The contribution …

arXiv preprint arXiv:2404.19589

More than 10,000 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) with a diameter of 80 mm will be installed in multi-PMT Digital Optical Modules (mDOMs) of the IceCube Upgrade. These have been tested and pre-calibrated at two sites. A throughput of more than 1000 PMTs per week with both sites was achieved with a modular design of the testing facilities and highly automated testing procedures. The testing facilities can easily be adapted to other PMTs, such that they can, e.g., be re-used for testing the PMTs for IceCube-Gen2. Single photoelectron response, high voltage dependence, time resolution, prepulse, late pulse, afterpulse probabilities, and dark rates were measured for each PMT. We describe the design of the testing facilities, the testing procedures, and the results of the acceptance tests.

arXiv preprint arXiv:2401.11994

Name that Neutrino is a citizen science project where volunteers aid in classification of events for the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, an immense particle detector at the geographic South Pole. From March 2023 to September 2023, volunteers did classifications of videos produced from simulated data of both neutrino signal and background interactions. Name that Neutrino obtained more than 128,000 classifications by over 1,800 registered volunteers that were compared to results obtained by a deep neural network machine-learning algorithm. Possible improvements for both Name that Neutrino and the deep neural network are discussed.

The Cryosphere

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory instruments about 1 km of deep, glacial ice at the geographic South Pole. It uses 5160 photomultipliers to detect Cherenkov light emitted by charged relativistic particles. An unexpected light propagation effect observed by the experiment is an anisotropic attenuation, which is aligned with the local flow direction of the ice. We examine birefringent light propagation through the polycrystalline ice microstructure as a possible explanation for this effect. The predictions of a first-principles model developed for this purpose, in particular curved light trajectories resulting from asymmetric diffusion, provide a qualitatively good match to the main features of the data. This in turn allows us to deduce ice crystal properties. Since the wavelength of the detected light is short compared to the crystal size, these crystal properties include not only the crystal orientation fabric, but also the average crystal size and shape, as a function of depth. By adding small empirical corrections to this first-principles model, a quantitatively accurate description of the optical properties of the IceCube glacial ice is obtained. In this paper, we present the experimental signature of ice optical anisotropy observed in IceCube light-emitting diode (LED) calibration data, the theory and parameterization of the birefringence effect, the fitting procedures of these parameterizations to experimental data, and the inferred crystal properties.

The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

We present the first catalog of very-high-energy and ultra-high-energy gamma-ray sources detected by the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory. The catalog was compiled using 508 days of data collected by the Water Cherenkov Detector Array from 2021 March to 2022 September and 933 days of data recorded by the Kilometer Squared Array from 2020 January to 2022 September. This catalog represents the main result from the most sensitive large coverage gamma-ray survey of the sky above 1 TeV, covering decl. from− 20 to 80. In total, the catalog contains 90 sources with an extended size smaller than 2 and a significance of detection at> 5σ. Based on our source association criteria, 32 new TeV sources are proposed in this study. Among the 90 sources, 43 sources are detected with ultra-high energy (E> 100 TeV) emission at> 4σ significance level. We provide the position, extension, and spectral …

Astroparticle physics

Abstract The Extreme Universe Space Observatory on a Super Pressure Balloon 1 (EUSO-SPB1) was launched in 2017 April from Wanaka, New Zealand. The plan of this mission of opportunity on a NASA super pressure balloon test flight was to circle the southern hemisphere. The primary scientific goal was to make the first observations of ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray extensive air showers (EASs) by looking down on the atmosphere with an ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence telescope from suborbital altitude (33 km). After 12 days and 4 h aloft, the flight was terminated prematurely in the Pacific Ocean. Before the flight, the instrument was tested extensively in the West Desert of Utah, USA, with UV point sources and lasers. The test results indicated that the instrument had sensitivity to EASs of⪆ 3 EeV. Simulations of the telescope system, telescope on time, and realized flight trajectory predicted an observation of about …

Bulletin of the American Physical Society

E00. 00037: Optimization of EUSO-SPB2 Cherenkov telescope pointing software for gravitational wave neutrino sources*AbstractPresenter:Luke Kupari(University of Iowa)Authors:Luke Kupari(University of Iowa)Claire Guépin(Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris)Tobias Heibges(Colorado School of Mines)Tonia M Venters(NASA Goddard Space Flight Center)Mary Hall Reno(University of Iowa)Hannah L Wistrand(Colorado School of Mines)Collaboration:EUSO-SPB2Observations of transient target of opportunity (ToO) astrophysical neutrino sources will reveal information about the environments of very high energy sources. Neutrinos can be detected by the up-going air showers that come from Earth-skimming tau neutrinos. Orbital and suborbital optical Cherenkov telescopes can be used to detect these showers. While point sources are straightforward to target as they drop below the Earth's limb, current localizations …

Astronomy & astrophysics

Aims The BL Lac 1ES 2344+514 is known for temporary extreme properties characterised by a shift of the synchrotron spectral energy distribution (SED) peak energy νsynch, p above 1 keV. While those extreme states have only been observed during high flux levels thus far, additional multi-year observing campaigns are required to achieve a coherent picture. Here, we report the longest investigation of the source from radio to very high energy (VHE) performed so far, focussing on a systematic characterisation of the intermittent extreme states.Methods We organised a monitoring campaign covering a 3-year period from 2019 to 2021. More than ten instruments participated in the observations in order to cover the emission from radio to VHE. In particular, sensitive X-ray measurements by XMM-Newton, NuSTAR, and AstroSat took place simultaneously with multi-hour MAGIC observations, providing an …

Physical Review Letters

We present the measurements of all-particle energy spectrum and mean logarithmic mass of cosmic rays in the energy range of 0.3–30 PeV using data collected from LHAASO-KM2A between September 2021 and December 2022, which is based on a nearly composition-independent energy reconstruction method, achieving unprecedented accuracy. Our analysis reveals the position of the knee at 3.67±0.05±0.15 PeV. Below the knee, the spectral index is found to be− 2.7413±0.0004±0.0050, while above the knee, it is− 3.128±0.005±0.027, with the sharpness of the transition measured with a statistical error of 2%. The mean logarithmic mass of cosmic rays is almost heavier than helium in the whole measured energy range. It decreases from 1.7 at 0.3 PeV to 1.3 at 3 PeV, representing a 24% decline following a power law with an index of− 0.1200±0.0003±0.0341. This is equivalent to an increase in abundance of …

Bulletin of the American Physical Society

H03. 00009: Target of Opportunity searches for very high energy neutrino sources using the Cherenkov Telescope onboard EUSO-SPB2*

Astroparticle physics

Abstract The Extreme Universe Space Observatory on a Super Pressure Balloon 1 (EUSO-SPB1) was launched in 2017 April from Wanaka, New Zealand. The plan of this mission of opportunity on a NASA super pressure balloon test flight was to circle the southern hemisphere. The primary scientific goal was to make the first observations of ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray extensive air showers (EASs) by looking down on the atmosphere with an ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence telescope from suborbital altitude (33 km). After 12 days and 4 h aloft, the flight was terminated prematurely in the Pacific Ocean. Before the flight, the instrument was tested extensively in the West Desert of Utah, USA, with UV point sources and lasers. The test results indicated that the instrument had sensitivity to EASs of⪆ 3 EeV. Simulations of the telescope system, telescope on time, and realized flight trajectory predicted an observation of about …

Journal of Instrumentation

An imaging technique utilizing a scintillator plate in conjunction with a magnifying unit and a cooled electron multiplying charge-coupled device (EM-CCD) camera shows promise for capturing high-resolution trajectory images. Nevertheless, in the 2-dimensional trajectory images, the incident directions of the alpha particles entering the scintillator plate remained unknown due to the line-shaped trajectories. To elucidate the incident directions in our trajectory images, we conducted experiments capturing trajectory images of alpha particles under off-focus conditions. To capture off-focus images of alpha particles, we systematically varied the distance between the GAGG plate and the lens during imaging using an americium-241 (Am-241) source. Through images obtained at different distances between the GAGG plate and the lens, we successfully acquired trajectory images with varying degrees of off-focus …

Journal of Instrumentation

The complexity of modern cosmic ray observatories and the rich data sets they capture often require a sophisticated software framework to support the simulation of physical processes, detector response, as well as reconstruction and analysis of real and simulated data. Here we present the EUSO-Offline framework. The code base was originally developed by the Pierre Auger Collaboration, and portions of it have been adopted by other collaborations to suit their needs. We have extended this software to fulfill the requirements of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray detectors and very high energy neutrino detectors developed for the Joint Exploratory Missions for an Extreme Universe Observatory (JEM-EUSO). These path-finder instruments constitute a program to chart the path to a future space-based mission like POEMMA. For completeness, we describe the overall structure of the framework developed by the Auger …

Journal of Instrumentation

The identification of helium nuclei at LHCb is achieved using a method based on measurements of ionisation losses in the silicon sensors and timing measurements in the Outer Tracker drift tubes. The background from photon conversions is reduced using the RICH detectors and an isolation requirement. The method is developed using ???????? collision data at

Journal of Instrumentation

The CMS Tracker Phase-2 Upgrade requires the production of new sensor modules to cope with the requirements of the HL-LHC. The two main building blocks of the Outer Tracker are the Strip-Strip and Pixel-Strip modules. All-together 47'520 hybrid circuits will be produced to construct 8'000 Strip-Strip and 5'880 Pixel-Strip modules. The circuit designs for the mass production were fine-tuned and kick-off batches were manufactured to verify the latest changes in the designs before the series production. This contribution focuses on lessons learned from the prototyping stage, design optimization details for the mass production as well as test results and production yield from the kick-off batches.

Journal of Instrumentation

The identification of helium nuclei at LHCb is achieved using a method based on measurements of ionisation losses in the silicon sensors and timing measurements in the Outer Tracker drift tubes. The background from photon conversions is reduced using the RICH detectors and an isolation requirement. The method is developed using ???????? collision data at

Journal of Instrumentation

Luminosity determination within the ALICE experiment is based on the measurement, in van der Meer scans, of the cross sections for visible processes involving one or more detectors (visible cross sections). In 2015 and 2018, the Large Hadron Collider provided Pb–Pb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of

Journal of Instrumentation

Luminosity determination within the ALICE experiment is based on the measurement, in van der Meer scans, of the cross sections for visible processes involving one or more detectors (visible cross sections). In 2015 and 2018, the Large Hadron Collider provided Pb–Pb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of

Journal of Instrumentation

Hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si: H) is a material with a very good radiation hardness and with the possibility of deposition on flexible substrates like Polyimide (PI). Exploiting these properties, the HASPIDE (Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon PIxels DEtectors) project has the goal of developing a-Si: H detectors on flexible substrates for beam dosimetry and profile monitoring, neutron detection and space experiments. The detectors for this experiment will be developed in two different structures: the nip diode structure, which has been used up to now for the construction of the planar a-Si: H detectors, and the recently developed charge selective contact structure. In the latter the doped layers (n or p) are replaced with charge selective materials namely electron-selective conductive metal-oxides (TiO 2 or Al: ZnO) and hole-selective conductive metal oxides (MoO x). In this paper preliminary data on the …

Journal of Instrumentation

Luminosity determination within the ALICE experiment is based on the measurement, in van der Meer scans, of the cross sections for visible processes involving one or more detectors (visible cross sections). In 2015 and 2018, the Large Hadron Collider provided Pb–Pb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of

Journal of Instrumentation

We propose for the first time, a new fuel-material for laser-driven Proton Boron (PB) fusion nuclear reactions. We propose, Hydrogen rich, Borane (B m H n) materials as fusion fuel as compared to Boron Nitride (BN) presently used. We estimate more than 10-fold increase in the yield of nuclear fusion reactions, and Alpha-prticle flux, when, for example Ammonia Borane (BNH 6) laser-target material will be used compared to the state of the art normalized flux∼ 10 8 Alphas/sr/J from BN targets. BNH 6 contains∼ 1000× higher concentration of Hydrogen compared to BN. We report the manufacture of the first solid-pellets Ammonia Borane laser-targets. To obtain high Flux Alpha sources from repetitive lasers we propose new BNH 6 target geometries: liquid (molten) droplets/jets; or translated tape-or disc-targets coated with BNH6 powder. Targets would be irradiated in low pressure, ambient buffer gas. To enhance the …

Journal of Instrumentation

The identification of helium nuclei at LHCb is achieved using a method based on measurements of ionisation losses in the silicon sensors and timing measurements in the Outer Tracker drift tubes. The background from photon conversions is reduced using the RICH detectors and an isolation requirement. The method is developed using ???????? collision data at

Journal of Instrumentation

Real-time dose-rate monitoring system under the high dose-rate situation is required for the decommissioning of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Plants to remove the debris remaining inside the plants. We have proposed a dose-rate monitor consisting of a scintillator, over 100-m long optical fiber and CCD spectrometer. Some noises with a dominant emission wavelength of below 550 nm originating from the optical fiber itself must be separated from the signal from the scintillator, and the signal region has been defined as 650–1000 nm to use significant data, up to now. In this paper, we investigated if the noise region defined as below 550 nm can be supporting data for the monitoring system, because such noises are expected to include position information through the fiber. In the emission spectrum, the intensities of the noise emission or absorption band are expected to depend on the position of the fiber, and we …

Journal of Instrumentation

Momentum measurements for very high momentum charged particles, such as muons from electroweak vector boson decays, are particularly susceptible to charge-dependent curvature biases that arise from misalignments of tracking detectors. Low momentum charged particles used in alignment procedures have limited sensitivity to coherent displacements of such detectors, and therefore are unable to fully constrain these misalignments to the precision necessary for studies of electroweak physics. Additional approaches are therefore required to understand and correct for these effects. In this paper the curvature biases present at the LHCb detector are studied using the pseudomass method in proton-proton collision data recorded at centre of mass energy

Journal of Instrumentation

Transmission muography is a non-invasive imaging technique that exploits the penetrating power of atmospheric muons into matter to obtain two-dimensional and three-dimensional density images of the monitored structure. The detectors used are particle trackers. Muography enables the monitoring of large structures and it is also particularly useful in the archaeological field for a mapping of low-density underground anomalies potentially related to unknown or inaccessible tombs or tunnels. The Palazzone necropolis, located south of Perugia (Italy), dating back to Etruscan period, contains about 200 known tombs, some of which, such as the Volumni Hypogeum, can be visited thanks to a touristic route. The eastern area of the necropolis, on the other hand, does not have a touristic path and is partially unknown. The objective of the muographic measurement campaign is to support the re-evaluation of this …

Journal of Instrumentation

Momentum measurements for very high momentum charged particles, such as muons from electroweak vector boson decays, are particularly susceptible to charge-dependent curvature biases that arise from misalignments of tracking detectors. Low momentum charged particles used in alignment procedures have limited sensitivity to coherent displacements of such detectors, and therefore are unable to fully constrain these misalignments to the precision necessary for studies of electroweak physics. Additional approaches are therefore required to understand and correct for these effects. In this paper the curvature biases present at the LHCb detector are studied using the pseudomass method in proton-proton collision data recorded at centre of mass energy

Journal of Instrumentation

Transmission muography is a non-invasive imaging technique that exploits the penetrating power of atmospheric muons into matter to obtain two-dimensional and three-dimensional density images of the monitored structure. The detectors used are particle trackers. Muography enables the monitoring of large structures and it is also particularly useful in the archaeological field for a mapping of low-density underground anomalies potentially related to unknown or inaccessible tombs or tunnels. The Palazzone necropolis, located south of Perugia (Italy), dating back to Etruscan period, contains about 200 known tombs, some of which, such as the Volumni Hypogeum, can be visited thanks to a touristic route. The eastern area of the necropolis, on the other hand, does not have a touristic path and is partially unknown. The objective of the muographic measurement campaign is to support the re-evaluation of this …

Journal of Instrumentation

Instruments based on light obscuration sensors are widely used for measuring the size distribution of insoluble sub-visible particles in liquid suspensions, being fast and suitable for in situ and real-time measurements. Such instruments are typically calibrated by means of reference polystyrene spherical particles with a specific refractive index, which unavoidably leads to systematic errors when determining the size of particles of different materials. In this paper, we propose a reliable and consistent method to overcome this limitation by setting the refractive index value according to the sample, thus achieving an improved particle size distribution (PSD) measurement. An ad hoc, ready-to-use, open source code with a graphical interface able to drive an in-line instrument and obtain a real-time correction to the PSD has been developed. The method has been extensively validated with several oil emulsions …

Journal of Instrumentation

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a next generation experiment aimed to study neutrino oscillation. Its long-baseline configuration will exploit a Near Detector (ND) and a Far Detector (FD) located at a distance of∼ 1300 km. The FD will consist of four Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LAr TPC) modules. A Photon Detection System (PDS) will be used to detect the scintillation light produced inside the detector after neutrino interactions. The PDS will be based on light collectors coupled to Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs). Different photosensor technologies have been proposed and produced in order to identify the best samples to fullfill the experiment requirements. In this paper, we present the procedure and results of a validation campaign for the Hole Wire Bonding (HWB) MPPCs samples produced by Hamamatsu Photonics KK (HPK) for the DUNE experiment, referring to them …

Journal of Instrumentation

Thanks to their advantages in terms of easiness of manufacturing and reduced production costs, Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS) represent an appealing solution for radiation imaging applications, which require to cover large areas with pixelated detectors. In the next upgrade of the ALICE detector, that will have to deal with the higher event rate resulting from the planned increase in the LHC luminosity, it is foreseen to include two additional sensor layers to perform Time of Flight (ToF) measurements. Trying to reach the challenging timing resolution required by the ALICE ToF layers, an internal gain layer has been included in the test structures of the third engineering run of the ARCADIA project to improve the timing performance of this MAPS technology. In the paper we will present an overview of the main results obtained from the electrical and the dynamic characterization of the fabricated devices, which …

Journal of Instrumentation

Liquid Argon (LAr) Time Projection Chambers (TPC) operating in double-phase can detect the nuclear recoils (NR) possibly caused by the elastic scattering of WIMP dark matter particles via light signals from both scintillation and ionization processes. In the scenario of a low-mass WIMP (< 2 GeV/c 2), the energy range for the NRs would be below 20 keV, thus making it crucial to characterize the ionization response in LAr TPCs as the lone available detection channel at such low energy. The Recoil Directionality (ReD) project, within the Global Argon Dark Matter Collaboration, aims to measure the ionization yield of a LAr TPC in the recoil energy range of 2–5 keV. The measurement was performed in winter 2023 at the INFN Sezione of Catania and the analysis is ongoing.